34.What does the underlined word"refined"in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Complex.B.Precise.,食，夏0共1年一C.Powerful.D.Modern..冠g女9T35.What's the author's attitude to the future of MindA ffect's system?A.Doubtful.B.Tolerant.C.Hopeful.D.Ambiguous.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If you are considering wearing a mask to protect you from the flu(流行性感冒)，there aretwo types you should know about:facemasks and respirators.Facemasks are fairly loose-fitting,single-use masks for use as medical devices.36Thesemasks prevent large droplets of bodily fluids()that may contain viruses from escaping via thenose and mouth.Facemasks also protect against splashes and sprays from others,such as those fromsneezes and coughs.37Respirators,also called N95 respirator masks,are designed to protect the wearer from smallparticles()in the air that may contain viruses.The name comes from the fact that they can filter()95 percent of airborne particles.Unlike regular facemasks,respirators protect against bothlarge and small particles.38 They must form a perfect seal so that no gaps allow airborneviruses in.Healthcare workers use them to protect against airborne infectious diseases such astuberculosis and anthrax.39Overall,respirators are considered much more effective at preventing the flu virus than regularfacemasks.When it comes to the flu,prevention is still the best method of keeping yourself safefrom this highly contagious (virus.Masks do seem promising,but it's also important toadopt other preventive measures,too.Make sure you wash your hands often during the flu season-especially if you're around others who may be sick.40A.Also,be sure to get your annual flu shot to protect yourself and others from spreading the virus.B.There are no known risks to wearing these masks,except for the cost of buying them.C.The disadvantage is that they don't prevent the breathing in of small particles in the air.D.N95 masks are also often used when painting or handling potentially poisonous materials.E.Doctors and nurses often wear facemasks while treating patients.F.Respirators are selected to fit your face.G.When you're done wearing the mask,throw it away.英语试题第9页（共12页）

sure to consider the person's tastes and interests.18 And for a coworker,you might givehim/her a gift card from his/her favorite shop so that he/she can go out for shopping.19The person you need to buy for might like something specific that you could find outabout with a little detective work.You can check the person's Facebook,Twitter,Tumblr andother social media histories for clues().For example,if the person posted about a favoritecoffee shop on the social media account,get him/her a gift card for that coffee shopTalk with people who know the person well to help you choose.If you have trouble coming upwith ideas for the person,turn to other people who know him/her well.20 In that case,you can choose the exact gift.For example,you can ask your best friend's mother if she has anysuggestions.For your significant other,you can question your significant other's best friend to seeif he/she has dropped any hints.A.Communicate with the person on social media.B.Look at the person's social media accounts for clues.C.The person may have let slip what he/she wants to them.D.For example,you can ask your colleagues for some clues.E.However it can be a headache for you to choose proper gifts.F.This will help you to narrow down the possibilities for the gift quickly.G.For example,you might choose a set of coffee cups for your coffee-loving friend.第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A major earthquake struck Haiti in 2010.Shortly after that,my wife and I decided to 21a struggling orphanage (in Port-au-Prince.The children there became like 22 to us,especially one little girl named Chika.But at the age of five.Chika was diagnosed with a rarebrain tumor.Though we never 23 adopted Chika,we decided to bring her home with usto Detroit to make sure she got the 24 medical care-just as any parent would.Occasionally,our friends would say,"It's 25 what you're doing for a child that's notyours."It 26 me to think there would be any difference in our efforts if 27 Chikahad our DNA

M:OK,I understandW:These suggestions will help you feel more energetic.Good luck!(Text 10)M:Good morning,everyone.First let me introduce myself.My name is Jack and I'm 17,the oldestchild in my family.My mother and brother and sister are all performers.My mother wears wonderfulperforming clothes and dances across a stick.Sometimes she plays a violin at the same time ..Unbelievable!My brother is six years younger than me,and my sister's fourteen.My dad's a host forperformances.He's good at his job because he has a loud voice.He introduces the performers andmake sure the acts start and finish on time.We are a happy family.And we don't have dogs or catsas pets at home.The only animal in our family is a rabbit.My mother,my brother and my sister onlywork for eight months,and they travel around from place to place.I think it's a great life应用文写作评分标准应用文写作1.本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的数量和准确性、上下文的连贯性。4.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写汉词汇用法均可接受。5.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。第五档（很好）：(13-15分)完全完成了试题规定的任务(1)覆盖所有内容要点(2)应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，(3)语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力，(4)有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑完全达到了预期的写作目的第四档（好）：(10-12分)完全完成了试题规定的任务(1)虽漏掉1、2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容(2)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求(3)语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致(4)应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑达到了预期的写作目的第三档（适当）：(7-9分)基本完成了试题规定的任务(1)虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容(2)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求(3)有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解(4)应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文内容连贯整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作目的

《期中检测题》参考答案及听力材料you.I'd appreciate it if you could take my application intoM:You're right.I will prepare a notice right now,and we参考答案：account.Looking forward to your reply!can solve the problem soon1-5 ACACB6-10 CBBAA11~15 AACBA听力材料：(Text 7)16~20 CBCCC21~25 DACDC26~30 CBCAB(Text 1)W:Excuse me,young man,I wonder if you could tell me31~35 DDCBA36~40 CAEGD41-45 ACDDBM:Hello,Mrs Smith.May I speak to Mike,please?how to find a place to have my watch mended.I'm46~50 ACBAC51~55 CDBBA56-60 DDACBW:Sure,but he finished his homework half an hour ago.new in town.61.recognition 62.to apply 63.has made 64.whereHe is playing in the park now.M:Ah,there is a good shop not far from here.Go straight65.amazed 66.its 67.to 68.spending 69.galleries(Text 2)ahead and walk about three blocks.I can't remember70.theW:I want to buy a hat.How much are they,please?the name of the shop,but you'll find it.It's near the短文改错：M:The white one is seven dollars,the red one is five dol-police station.I helped the elderly the other day.Because theylars,and the black one is even cheaper.Which one doW:OK,thank you very much.always feel lonely in the nursing home,our schoolyou want?M:You're welcome.By the way,do you know about thefeltW:I want to buy the white one.town guide?It's a thin book and has all kinds of useful(Text 3)organized a activity to greet them.To my delighted,Iinformation.You'll buy one in any bookstore,and youW:Have you watched the movie Detective Pikachu?I sawcan also download a navigation map to your cellandelightit at home last night.was one of the students allowing to go there.On arriving,phone.。M:How was it?W:Thanks a lot!You've been so helpful.Let's see.DidallowedW:Jason thought it was extremely amusing,but I was a bityou say the repair shop was three blocks away fromwe presented them with flowers and talked with themdisappointed.here?happy.Not only A I tell them some funny stories,but I(Text 4)M:Exactly.I think you won't miss it.happilydidW:Hi,John!What are you listening to?W:OK,thanks again.shared anything they were interested in.Beside,I helpedM:The history of ballet.(Text 8)BesidesW:Oh,you like that?W:Good morning,Mr Green,can I have a talk with you?them clean their living rooms,after that some vividM:Not really...but more than the noise outside.M:Yes,but only for a few minutes.I have a meeting atwhich(Text 5)8o'clock.performances were given to them.On that day,I felt theirW:What's the speaker talking about?I can't hear clearly.W:All right.May I attend your advanced drawing course?kindness and they thanked to me so much.I think it isM:I can't hear it clearly,either.I really don't know whyM:Did you take the test last week?such meaningful a day that I will never forget it.he doesn't speak a bit louder before such a big audi-W:No,that's why I'm here.The headmaster said that theSoence.teacher could give permission without a test.书面表达：(Text 6)M:That's correct.Have you had any experience?I'm a 17-year-old student.I will graduate fromW:Good evening,Mrs Green.Can you spare me a fewW:I've had no formal training,but I've got a lot ofGuangming Foreign Language School this June withminutes?drawing books and practised drawing in my spare time.M:Sure,come in.What's on your mind?M:Would you please show me some pictures?excellent school performance.W:Certainly.Here are some examples,mostly about flow-With a good knowledge of English,especially spokenW:Oh,that's the plan for the students about the use ofcomputers.ers and people.English,and being outgoing,caring,committed andM:What's the trouble?M:They look pretty good.But I really don't have time toenthusiastic,it's certain that I will be equal to the job.。W:In the computer room,every student is supposed to usemake a decision now.Why don't you give them toAs far as I'm concerned,working as a volunteer canthe computer for only one hour a day.me?I'll review them this eveningbuild up my confidence and enable me to develop myM:Yeah,I know that.and then let you know the resultcommunication skills,which are a must in my social life.W:Now it seems that some of the students aren't willingtomorrowIn addition,receiving those visiting foreign students willto give up their computers when the hour is over.W:Thanks a lot.See you tomorrow.offer me a good chance to get close to authentic foreignM:I suppose they feel that it doesn't matter to keep them a(下转第2、3版中缝)cultures.few more minutes.So I don't want to miss the chance to make W:Yes,but this makes it hard for those who are waiting toaaOa9S~I`二3vOgI■contributions to society and eager to be a useful addition touse the computers苦是柔《羏恤阳的》雌:扫码获取答案详解

的“may not have the time or means to avoid”可知，此处指试图让尽可能多的人来避免。故选D。13.C考查介词。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。for为了，给；to朝，对于；as作为，如同，以…身份；with和…在一起，用，具有，随着。根据上文“The collegeprincipal'”及语境可知，此处指作为教育工作者。故选C。14.C考查动词。句意：作为教育工作者，我们经常谈论世界面临的坏问题。solves解决；shows展示，表明；faces面对；follows跟随。由前面的“the bad problems the world”可知，此处用face,意为“世界面临的坏问题”。故选C。15.B考查介词。句意：如果我们在这个美丽的想法之后不开始采取一些行动，那么它就是空的。ahead of在…之前；behind在…之后；upon在…之上；beyond超过。由句意及语境常识可知，提出某种想法之后采取一些行动。故选B。

参考答案及解析英语专项提分卷（新高考）、参考答案及解析,英语专项提分卷（新高考）·the founder of Eco-Eclectic Technologies from Westemfor fyThn teyeclanedm知，作者认为摩天大楼应该被精心规划。故选C。也可以享受一切。由此判断出，没有过度使用科技，India,saw the impact brought by the rising use andpiecs befre being ther Pinally,temteriispedybrickiey8.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段S。the ide-人们可以更好地享受生活。故选D。demand for single-use masks and kits due to the coronalwe're seeking is variety and order.可知，作者认为-12.C【解析】推理判断题。通读全文尤其是根据第四tions pandemic（冠状病毒流行病)，so he createdue.可知，第三段主要讲的是Bnc2.0的生产工艺。个理想的城市是多样化且有秩序。故选D。段Isepeople trapped in a pathological(病态的)relationship with time-sucking technoloy,where theyBrick 2.0 to prevent tons of single-use Personal Protec-故选D。C00tive Equipment (PPE)from being wasted and ending up4.C【解析】主旨大意题。第一段讲“nish Desi发【语篇导读】本文是一篇议论文。高科技在我们生serve technology more than technology serve them.in land lls or water streams..和第三段The process starts明Bmc2.0的原因”，第二段讲“冠状病毒流行病期活当中广泛应用，作者观察到这一生活现象，作者针对知，作者看到人们被浪费时间的技术困在一种病态with the collection of PPE waste through garbage cans间，产生了很多的难以分解的个人防护装备”，第三段的关系中，他们服务于技术而不是技术服务于他们。这种现象做了剖析和分析。placed in small shops and apartment buildings,with easy讲Bic2.0的生产工艺”，最后一段讲“肯定Bna2.9.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段People have由此判断出，作者对过度使用高科技设备的态度是access for people to throw away their used items..可知，0的优点，认为它有帮助”，可知文章主要讲述了B。been influenced tobecome technology addicted可知，人不同意的。故选C。来才uk基将Binish Desai看到了过多使用过的一次性个人防护装ish Desai把废弃的个人防护装备变为有用的Bnck2.们已经被影响到对科技上瘾。所以一项研究发现，人阅读理解—文化艺术美0砖块，实现了废物再利用，可谓是“变废为宝”，故们在抗拒社交媒体的吸引力时，比抗拒睡眠、香烟和A备(PPE)带来的影响，所以创建了Bnck2.0来回收PPE废弃物，来阻止它们进入垃圾填埋场或水流。故选C。酒精时更困难。故画线词的意思是“吸引力”。故【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了选B。在网上购物和电子阅读器的时代，是忠诚的员工和顾客正选A。【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1o.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段The main goalAuntie'9书店开了40年，以及书店一直存活下去的2.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段A study published by the American Chemical Society suggests that理想城市的一般规则：多样性和有秩序。of technology companies is toget people to spend more原因。129 billion face masks are used monthly during the coro-5.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段It'shorriblemoneyand time ntheir produets,可知，现代科技电脑！L.A【(解析】推理判断题。根据第-段第一句1nenations pandemic,which causes great environmental pol-when everything is jumbled up:a pitched roof next to a主要的目标就是使人们能够花更多的时间和金钱在age of online shopping and e-readers,devoted stafandlution.In India alone,over 18000British tons of coflat roof;3 simple bare boxes next to a messy car park;他们的产品上。故选A。中晚customers keep the door of Aunties Bookstore opennations-related biomedical waste was generated in justhigh-rise towers that look as if they've been placed at1l.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段That is what40yeas.和本段最后-句“Tcan,imagine Spokarfour months between June and September.The wasterandom,like teeth in a yawning mouth.可知，此处jum,people need to ask themselves if we are to have anywithout Auntie's,"he said."A lot of people canwould take hundreds of yearsto break down,accordingbled up指混乱，不合规则。故选A。类志普chance of breaking up false beliefs about their use ofine Spokane without Auntie's,either,"Waite said.to the magazine Waste Aduanage,.可知，在冠状病毒流6.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段t's skyscrap-technology.When we can live happily without using soAuntie's书店在当地很受欢迎。故选A。行病期间，产生了许多与冠状病毒有关的生物医疗废ersthat have been planted there without planning,likemuch technology for a day or a week,then we can2.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第句Turning物，这些废物需要数百年才能分解。由此推知，环境they are increasingly appearing in London,while Newregain control and personal freedom,become the mastervisitors into regular customers is important to the store's正面临严峻的挑战。故选D。Yorkr Chicago shows the ordered way that we loveof technology and discover what there is to enjoy in lifesuccess.可知，Auntie's书店的目标是拥有更多的常3.D【解析】主旨大意题。根据第三段The process判断，作者不喜欢伦敦。故选B。dfree of technology.可知，如果我们有任何机会打破关客。故选B。starts with the colection of PPE waste through garbage7,C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段t'8 skyscra即于他们使用技术的错误理念。这是人们需要问自己3.C【解析】猜测词义题。根据第五段第四句“Evecans placed in small shops and aparment buildingswitherthat have been planted there without planning,like的问题。当我们可以一天或一周不使用那么多的技the big guys can't make it,"he said,noting physicaleasy access for people to throw away their used items.they are increasingly appearing in London,while New术而快乐地生活时，我们就可以重新获得控制和个retailers are striving nationally和第五句“As the UnitedOnce in the factory,the collections are kept for 72 hoursYork or Chicagho the ordered way tht we love.人自由，成为技术的主人，发现在没有技术的生活中·10States'oldest national bookstore chain,Bames&Noble·11

micallyentered into the Forward Prize for Poetry's Best Single Poem competition,withthe chance to win a further e1,000.Prizes￡5，Ooo:The winning poem features in our anthology(选集).That's not al..You will also be invited to take part in ourawards celebration.Second prize000:Your poem features in the Bridport Prize anthology,so you willFirst prize-Third prize-f500:Your poem is included in our anthology where you'll see your wordssee your words on the page forever.finally within the pages of a book.Entries must be entirely your own work.Any evidence to the contrary will result inRules of Entriesimmediate disqualification.Mail your entry to us by midnight(UK time)on 31st May,2022.Entries must be typed.We do not accept handwritten submissions.Do not include your name,address,phone number,email,website etc.on thedocument or in the file name or your entry will be disqualified.Winners will be noticed by email by midnight(UK time)on 30th September.A short filmResults Awardswhich will include the announcement of this year's winners will be broadcast on our onlinechannel at 7:00 p.m.on Thursday 28th October.A link on the website homepage will clickthrough directly to our online channel.The full results will be available on the website from7:30 p.m.that evening.21.How much prize money can the first place winner get at most?A.￡500.B.￡1,000.C.￡5,000.D.￡6,000.22.Which of the following will result in disqualification?A.Handwriting the poem.B.Writing the poem with 40 lines.C.Mailing the poem on 30th May.D.Ensuring the originality of the poem.23.When can you know the full results?A.At 12:00 p.m.May 31.B.By 12:00 a.m.Sept.30.C.At 7:00 p.m.Oct.28.D.At 7:30 p.m.Oct.28.BIn April,my book titled The Challenging Journey got published.But little did I knowthe publication of my story would open the next chapter of my life.Initially written for the family,it was about my experience with my husband Don's20-year battle with dementia().I wanted to give my family a fuller picture of the diseaseand teach them that awareness of even the smallest changes is important to record.However,a friend convinced me to release the book to the public.After the launch,I was invited by a lady from Dementia Outreach to be a guest speakerto speak to a group of 170 doctors,professors and various health workers."I can't do this at my age,"I told the lady over the phone,with a rising panic in myvoice.Of course,you can,”she said.“It's the very reason we want you..”Istill wasn't fully convinced,but as I walked up the stairs and onto the stage,to myeaurefou mysefespeaking in front of people who had ageunreI realized how honoredI was to share my story,and I began to relax.agowhenas and Don had been sick for some time Ihad tohavehiie-threatening open-heart operation.As I was recovering,I wrote a list called "Things I Amtateful For".Beside each letter of the alphabet,I recorded all of the important things forch leem.next to“A”1 wrote“Alive.How英语试题第3页（共8页）

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.How did Jason use to learn French?两共)A雅题黄圆铃雅翼A.He took an online course.B.He entered a language school.2共r-第C.He learned it from his grandmother.文赋筏卖厨9.What is the shortcoming of the online language program?A.The courses are a bit expensive.B.One can't choose his own tutors.C.It just provides recordedi courses10.What kind of course is Jason taking?0239线9联975A.The 12-class one.B.The 6-class one.C.The 4-class one.nosindd v3 rd听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。粉勿9相d义dh82+组11.Why does Mr.Baluchi go running?《eo38D{i06MA.To keep fit..B.To earn moneyC.To help charities12.What is the function of the device?n特et9ic到009c角ed63Bt桥90sdA.To keep a hamster.B.To allow running on waterC.To make running easier on land.空g尊86管913.What caused Mr.Baluchi to cut his trip short?A.Feeling uncomfortableB.Losing some electronic devices.C.Being demanded by the Coast Guard14.What is the woman?A.A radio hostess.'B.A writer.CA joumalist,听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。gsod sr to taugwnd15.How did the woman learn about the winners?1naei9i通dA.She watched the evenit.B.She read news about them.(6odmǜ)C.She interviewed them in person.mhmoiiiodjun noast ng16.Who is the youngest of the three winners?723B3A.Momiji Nishiya.B.Rayssa Leal.C.Funa Nakayama.A时29标8s}与17.What record did Marjorie Gestring hold in Olympics history?.cohiovaA.The youngest competitor.B.The youngest gold winner韩829%9酒C.The winner of most medals.dical er yd听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。io打w记vi3d9ssr值18.When will the visitors go to Heilongjiang Provincial Museum?(8009WA.On the first afterooB.On the second C.Onhday19.What will the visitors seefirst on the second moming?:320Y9s1”o时的se9A.Tigers.B.Red lanters.C Snow sculptures20.What is the speaker doing?sg09g0060D2s练9时d9时0di7.1A.Making an introduetion toaityInforming some changes of riC.Advertising a family tour program.930st999n0.3英语第2页（共10页）

第34期高一英语下学期期中综合复（二）参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 ABACA6-10 CDCAA11-15 BACBA16-20 EADGF21-25 CACDB26-30 ADBCA31-35 DBCDB36.himself37.certainly 38.created39.for40.longer41.to keep42.opening43.got44.a45.who /that写作第一节One possible version:Dear Eric,I'm writing to invite you to compete in the five-kilometer cross-country running race,one of the most excitingevents of the coming school sports meeting.I'm going to enter the race because it helps build up our strength,and more importantly,it is a test of ourperseverance.I know you're an excellent runner,so this is a good opportunity to show your skill.If you decide tocome along,I'd like to practice every day after school in the playground with you.Please write to tell me yourdecision.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua第二节One possible version:Before going to bed,I decided to check on him.I took a quick look out the window.He was asleep,quitecomfortably on top of his doghouse.I couldn't help but laugh.I'd never known a dog afraid of a doghouse,letalone one that slept on top of one!Months passed,and I finally managed to get Strider to get his treat from insidethe doghouse.But he wouldn't eat it inside.Instead,he would quickly run in,take hold of it,and run right out.Finally,I decided to give up,and I left Strider to whatever sleeping arrangements he chose.For a long time,

That'sall！Thank you!附：听力部分录音材料(Text 1)W:I used to dislike going to this place.It has gotten much better recently.M:Why?The service and meals are always great.What changed?W:It is a smoke-free environment now.(Text 2)W:Hey,do you want to visit Uncle Jim in California?M:Well,I'm going to call our mom tonight and ask.Do you think she will let us go?W:Definitely!She's always talking about how important it is to stay in touch with family.(Text 3)M:Why don't you buy this fashionable dress for the party,Jackie?It's on sale.W:But it's a backless dress!I don't want to be laughed at by others.I just need a modestone.(Text 4)M:Susan,it's me.We'll meet at the north gate of the department store at 7:30 pm,right?W:Sorry,Frank,I need to work for another half an hour.Can we meet one hour later thanscheduled?M:Sure.(Text 5)M:So this is Guernica painted by Pablo Picasso,why do you like it?W:Well,it's about the Spanish Civil War,showing a bombing attack on a town.I like it be-cause it really makes you think about what happened on that day.(Text 6)W:Morning,Peter.Late again!M:Oh,I'm so sorry.I can't tell you how sorry I am.W:Mm,what's the excuse this time?M:I must have turned the alarm clock off and gone back to sleep again.W:Yeah,and last week,the car was broken.M:Yes,I know.W:Mm...从4大【23·DY·英语·参考答案一R一英语8一QG】

可能国，心延竿题）和第打卷（非选择题)两Ifyow eomaingi b o te wordage and meettrmlisted below,then cikhere toenteAge:18+.Any kind of music artist.Any kind of music genreb oyomn ve derme to rhsbut you are not signed toamajor labelYouare b totmsterdam 03.Yoeprticiedy2.Whrkpartner hASnoop Dogg.22.B.Lady Gaga.When cn you submit your application a the es?Pharrell Williams.D.Martin Garrix.A.By May 18,2023C.By July 28,2023.B.By June27,202323.What is a must to be an applicant?D.By August 31.2023A.Aclear understanding of musicC.A good knowledge of English.B.Submitting three songs altogether.D.Being a member of major label.BAn English mother,Liz Pinfield-Wells,has reeycled more than 200 pounds (1200kg)oftrash (through a DIY recycling center in her garden shed (in Dawley Shropshire.Pinfield-Wells established the reycling center after the birth of her third child when shedisveredthat her town's roadside recycling program did not accept certain items.The recycling center accepts 30 different categories of recyclable waste.Pin field-Wellsencouraged the public to leave their mixed recycled items at the end of her driveway,and dozens ofresidents have since dropped off their trash in her shed.She has even accepted Pringles tubes,whichhave metal and plastic components and should not be placed in the roadside bin."Setting up therecycling drop-off center,in my front garden has hopefully heiped the community to recycle more.It can sometimes seem a little difficult knowing where to start but with every small step,it gets thatlittle bit easier,"she said.Every month,she sends the collected items in vacuum-packed(真空包装的)bags toTerraCycle afirm that turns the waste into small plastic balls for use in other products,such aswatering cans and benches.The weight of the trash is then changed into points for money,whichcan be paid out twice ayear toa charity or sports organization of her choice.Inthe asrPinfie-Welis hasaidmorhan which she hasohe14-year-oldaughtersgymastic routo buy new equpmenthe hasasonted moeytoharity to buy woodhips for thermmunity garden.n-Wels hopes that her reyinter willswareess about themr ofrtotake mal ptheircarbon ont.She hasreaeooered,which now hasovmme.24.Whatinspred Lits the program?A.Overloading trash.B.Her preference for DIY practice.C.Her children's encouragement.D.Limitation of local trash service.25.What does TerraCyele do?A.It develops plastic tubes.B.It produces vacuum-packed bags.C.It proceses waste into small plastic balls.

么样的勇气来面对生活。59.C。Alie给我们树立了应对苦难的榜样，故只有fears与文章表达的内容一致。60.B.Take a second to smile,and give yourself a minute to truly...all the good in your liferight now可知，AIie给的建议是“用一秒钟微笑，用一分钟好好想一下当下生活中所有美好的事情”。第二节主题语境：人与社会一一体育本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者学太极的过程及取得的成效。61.became。考查一般过去时。根据At the time,I was looking for可知，设空处表示过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。62.personal。考查形容词。设空处作定语修饰Iife,且意为“私人的”，故填personal。.63.mentally。考查副词。设空处修饰relaxing,故需填副词mentally。64.the。考查冠词。on the other hand是固定搭配，意为“另一方面”。65.introduction。考查名词。设空处前有my first,,且此处意为“初次接触”，故填introduction。66.which。考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句修饰The Yang form,且设空处在从句中作主语，故填which。67.what。考查连接词。设空处引导宾语从句且在从句中作宾语，故填what。68.following。考查动词-ing形式。设空处作伴随状语；I与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，且follow所表示的动作与谓语动作同时发生，故填following。69.years。考查名词复数。根据语境可知，此处意为“多年不间断的练之后”，故填year的复数形式。70.of。考查介词。be aware of是固定搭配，意为“意识到”。本句中的the here and now意为“此时此刻”。【词汇链接】take sb through(para.2小：帮助某人深入了解选做题参考答案及解析参考答案1-4 DBBC解析主题语境：人与自然一一自然生态本文是说明文。研究发现，黑猩猩和大猩猩可以建立持久的友谊。l.D。理解具体信息。根据首段中的the real law of the jungle is that it's good to have friends和It turns out that chimpanzees and gorillas can be friends,再结合末段中的The strength andlasting nature of social relationships that we observed between them可知，这项a研究的结论是黑猩猩和大猩猩可以建立长久的友谊。2.B。理解文章结构。根据第三段中的Researchers had theorized that associations betweenthe species could perhaps be to avoid predators such as leopards or snakes.But the animals'behavior didn't show that to be a major factor in their interactions可知，研究人员曾推测这两个物种之间的交往可能是为了躲避豹子或蛇等捕食者。但这些动物的行为并没有表明这是它们交流的主要因素。故that指代的是“躲避捕食者”。3.B。理解具体信息，根据第四段中的Interspecific aggression.never rose to the level of deadlyaggression that has occurred between chimps and gorillas in Gabon可知，尽管物种之间会有攻击行为，但是与加蓬的黑猩猩和大猩猩不同，这项研究中两种猩猩之间的冲突从未上升到致命攻击的程度。也就是说，加蓬的两种猩猩之间的冲突可能非常暴力。

F.Many people are professionals in their field and have valuable information and insight to share.G.An often overlooked yet simple way to improve is to increase your knowledge by being a self-starter第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The passengers on the bus watched with sympathy as Susan made her way carefully up the steps.She paid the driverand then,using her hands to 41the seats,settled in one of them.It had been a year since Susan became blind.As a result of an accident,she was suddenly thrown into a worldof 42.Susan's husband Mark watched her 43 into hopelessness and he was 44 to use every possiblemeans to drag her out.Finally,Susan felt ready to return to her job,but how would she get there?She used to take the bus,but she was nowtoo45 to get around the city by herself.Mark 46 to ride the bus with Susan each morning andevening 47 she could manage it by herself.For two weeks,Mark 48 Susan to and from work each day.He taught her how to rely on her other 49,specifically her hearing,to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new50At last,Susan decided that she was ready to try the trip 51.Monday morning arrived.Before she left,she huggedher husband 52,with her eyes filled with tears of gratitude.She said good-bye and,for the first time,they wenttheir 53 ways.Four days went perfectly,and a wild excitement took 54of Susan.She was doing it!On Friday morning,Susan took the bus to work as usual.As she was about to getting 55 the bus,the driver said,"Miss,I sure 56 you."Curious,Susan asked the driver why."You know,every morning for the past 57,a fine-looking gentleman in a military uniform has been standingacross the corner over there,watching you until you enter your office building58,"the bus driver said.Tears of 59 poured down Susan's cheeks.She was so lucky,for he had given her a gift more powerfulthan60.That is the gift of love that can bring light where there is darkness.41.A.touchB.grabC.countD.feel42.A.weaknessB.sicknessC.darknessD.sadness43.A.runB.sinkC.jumpD.step44.A.inspiredB.determinedC.honoredD.pleased45.A.tiredB.astonishedC.depressedD.frightened46.A.volunteeredB.attemptedC.continuedD.struggled47.A.whenB.asC.untilD.after48.A.droveB.directedC.accompaniedD.sent49.A.feelingsB.organsC.skillsD.senses50.A.positionB.environmentC.statusD.role51.A.on her ownB.in personC.to her benefitD.on foot52.A.politelyB.calmlyC.brieflyD.tightly53.A.oppositeB.separateC.fixedD.lonely54.A.chargeB.placeC.advantageD.hold55.A.onB.awayC.offD.into56.A.respectB.envyC.knowD.support第7页共8页命题人：黎成淑、李继、石静、唐垚、杨璐媛审题人：李继

with cheerleaders,"."Find ones that make you laugh or show you lovely places instead,"shesys介绍了帮助人们走出比较陷阱的具体方法和建议。C项（最后专注于如何提高自己）是帮助人们走出比较陷阱的另一个方法和建议，故C项符合语境。另外，下文中的The bestperson you can compete with is yourself与C项中的how you can improve相呼应。语言运用第一节主题语境：人与自我一一生活与学本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Sarah在高中第一天的所见所闻。41.C。42.A。根据上文中的Sarah had just moved to a new town over the summer以及下文中的was worried about fitting in and making friends可知，Sarah一家刚刚搬到了一个新的小镇。在那里，她一个人都不认识，这令她对即将开始的高中生活充满了忐忑。43.D。根据下文中Sarah积极与同学、老师交流的描述可知，她决定利用这次机会，结交新的朋友。44.A。根据下文中的which made her feel smal1可知，开学第一天，Sarah早早地到了学校，偌大的校园让她颇为震惊，也让她感到了自己的渺小。45.C。46.B。根据上文中的As she walked down the hallways可知，当Sarah在走廊中行走时，她注意到一群学生有说有笑。看到此情此景，她不禁担心自己是否可以融入其中。ft合得来，适应。47.D。根据下文中对Emma友善之举的描述可知，当Sarah还在担心自己处境的时候，令她意想不到的事发生了。48.A。根据下文中的Hi,I'm Emma可知，Emma面带微笑地走近Sarah并向她介绍自己。49.B。根据上文中的You look lost可知，Emma表示自己可以帮助Sarah找到她的教室。50.C。根据上文中的She wondered.your classroom?”可知，Sarah当时正在担心自己的处境，就在这时，Emma主动提出给她带路，Emma的善意让她感到吃惊。be taken aback大吃一惊。51.C。根据下文中的welcoming as Emma可知，Sarah觉得其他的同学都像Emma一样友善、热情。52.D。根据下文中的even shared a few laughs with her teachers可知，Sarah和她的同学们交谈甚欢，甚至和老师们分享快乐。strike up sth.交谈起来。53.A。Sarah刚刚随家人搬到了一个新的小镇，在那里她一个人都不认识，但是开学第一天，同学和老师的友善让她很快地交到许多朋友，感受到了人与人之间的密切联系。54.D。55.B。Sah回想自已高中开学第一天的经历一一从内心充满忐忑到被同学和老师的友善所包围，由此她学到了宝贵的一课：不论未来遇到怎样的挑战，她的朋友们都会支持她、帮助她，带给她克服困难的力量和勇气。第二节主题语境：人与自我一一生活与学本文是记叙文。二年级学生Caroline Carlson在“英雄日”那天，打扮成Jaime Deigh老师的样子，因为在她心中Jaime Deigh老师就是英雄。56.arrived。考查一般过去时。根据时间状语that day可知，设空处描述的事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填arrived。57.and。考查连词。根据语境可知，“发短信给Deigh”与“询问她(Deigh)在‘英雄日'那天穿什么衣服”之间是顺承关系，故填连词and。58.greatly。考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰形容词impressed,表示“非常”，故填greatly.be impressed by..对…印象深刻。

57.largest。考查形容词。根据前面的Among them可知设空处应用形容词最高级形式，故填largest。.58.is sent。考查动词的时态和语态。newspaper与send之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，主语是The newspaper,谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is sent。.59.for。考查介词。句意：我们有印刷需要的主要材料：纸张、印版和油墨。for此处表示“用于..”，故填for。60.properly。.考查副词。修饰谓语动词prepare,应用其副词形式，故填properly。6l.them。考查代词。根据句意可知设空处指代papers,故填them。62.getting。考查非谓语动词。stop sb(fom)doing sth意为阻止某人做某事”，故填getting。63.which。.考查定语从句。先行词是system or network problems,关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，指代物，故填which。64.excites。考查主谓一致。主语是Being part of an important event,.谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填excites。65.readers。.考查名词。根据句意可知设空处表示复数的意义，故填readers。.4/4

A导语：本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合青少年的志愿者活动项目。2l.B。理解具体信息。根据WestSide Baby中的must be allowed by their parents to join in this activity.可知，所有l8岁以下的志愿者都必须得到父母的允许才能参加这项活动。22.A。推断。根据Seattle Public Library中的.they need to know how to make their class lively and interesting..可推知，志愿者可以教孩子们数学或阅读，他们需要知道如何使课堂生动有趣，即可以锻炼他们的教学技能。23.D。理解具体信息。根据Woodland Park Zoo中的to engage with guests.in wildlife care.可知，在这个项目中，青少年可以帮助做有关客人及动物的工作。B导语：本文是一篇记叙文。两兄弟使用日常物品创造了一个便宜的机器人台，帮助学校教授STEM,让孩子们学到更多关于机器人的知识。24.D。推断。根据第一段.empty water bottlesand milk boxes are trash.可知，他们利用日常物品创建了“Trashbots”,以教导学生把周围的东西再利用，创造出新的东西。25.C。理解具体信息。根据第二段..while doingtheir volunteering activity in India.可知，Rohit和Sidharth Srinivasan每年冬天都去印度做志愿者，在那里教孩子们计算机和数学，以帮助更多的学生学机器人知识，即他们的教学经历促使他们制作了“Trashbots”。26.A。理解具体信息。根据第三段Many robotics kits cost an arm and a leg.可推知，很多孩子接受STEM教育的障碍通常在于昂贵的费用，许多机器人套件花费很高。27.A。理解主旨要义。根据第四段makes it easy for teachers to teach and for kids to learn.可推知，本段主要介绍了这个学计划便于教师帮助学生学STEM时使用，同时也使学生学更加方便。C导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种创新的农业技术，该技术采用计算机控制灯光、水和环境来实现全年种植作物。这种技术具有其优点，同时也面临一些问题。28.B。理解具体信息。根据第一段.it looks more like a tech center than a farm.及第二段designed to grow crops.可知，在这个农杨，看不到土壤和自然光，它更像一个科技中心，即这个农场使用了高科技。29.D。推断。根据第二段.the system keeps insects outside.可知，使用GrowFrame这种方式后，昆虫被阻挡在外面，农作物也不会受到自然灾害的影响，即农作物拥有更健康的生长环境。30.C。理解态度。根据第四段..leading businessmen would take action to change that可推知，随着这种农业的兴起，主要的投资商会采取行动降低成本，也会对其进行投资，因此他们对这种农业持积极的态度。3l.D。推断。根据最后一段.we have to get smarter at producing the food.Things have tochange.可推知，David Farley认为随着世界人口的增加，我们必须更加明智地生产所需的食物，即对农业进行一些创新是必要的。D导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球英语学者数量不断增长，英语在一些非母语国家也被广泛使用。32.D。理解词汇。根据第二段EFL speakers generally are those using English sometimes

学笠英语报CText 71Alice.M:Moming.Where did you能力提升(2023-2024学年度)第2期last weekeW:Well my friends anI went lo the coun2023年9月13日tryside.M:Really Where：同学们好！为了帮大家有复高考河汇，成们四绕人与自我、人与社会、人与自然三大主题语境，以高考you stay?In a hotel?主则厚为线，通过题词汇理，常主题间江与夏，高考真题，站合不同形或的练，回所学基础语N:We campedin thWordsmountains.Besides期俱的是“人与自我“主题语境中和“生与学相吴的主题河汇OU官如识。题词汇进阶we cooked allmeals in the open a生活与学河南3.Some of thesc cultural dining etiquetteM:Sounds wonderfuBy the way.do y2.be fond of have a taste in be keen on playingrules may seem random and strange,but they(variety)countries.like the people thergrW:Yes,they'高锁词汇变一变footballare important inand friendlyWe3.build up one's body improve one's health(2022年全国甲卷)4.After two years,the second group sawsome(improvement)in hearthad teain1.invite v.2.arrange vremarkablehouses.4.take regular exercisehealth..(2022年新高考Ⅱ卷)M:Did youget back4.expense n.→5.For those who can stomach it.working out(benenight?5.in favor of the planbefore breakfast may be morefi)for health than eating 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slogans andcan have lunch on Sunday.I want to go to the new Ital-paouereq'L upyuo9 A Asuodxourtodctive visuals to convey the message.With the help of thechwere then displayed for us students to vote for our M:Oh,a moment,please.Let me find a pen and take a note.ian restaurant.Harcher,we refined our ideas and created the final posters,rite one.In the end,one poster stood out as the clear W:Thank you very much.I have to go now,but he can cal年一蚕断皇Hame at work tomorrow.The number is 917-8426.崇是条《门单璐干》雠中W:beer,with its powerful message and striking imageryOverall,this project was a great way for us students to M:All right.(下转第1,4版中缝)印刷：河南文达印刷公司whatwe had leamed in class to reality.It also showed广告发布登记证号：郑惠济市监广发登字(2019)002号地址：郑州市黄河路124号版数：4开4版邮编：450008零售价：1.04元编辑部：0371-66385022月价：4.50元网址：www.shuren1(0.com长：唐泽仓爱行部：371-67129573全年价：54.00元

及最后一段These holes were made by marine invertebrates.such damage that has never beenseen on a dinosaur..可知，是海洋无脊椎动物损害了Saltriovenator恐龙的骨骸。49.C。推断。根据最后一段.the dinosaur's dead body was washed to sea,sunk,rotted,and thenthe bones were shown outside.came into the bones,.可判断，作者是为了告诉我们恐龙的骨骸是如何被损坏的。50.D。理解主旨要义。综合全文可知，文章主要介绍了科学家首次发现Saltriovenator恐龙以及其骨骸被海洋无脊椎动物损害的事实。D导语：本文是一篇说明文，属于“人与自然”主题语境。主要介绍了一些可代替塑料制品的产品。5l.D。推断。根据第一段Certain sea animals often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish...slowlykilling them.可判断，塑料会对海洋动物造成危害。52.B。理解具体信息。根据第三段We can followthe instructions...use these materials that take2O0 years to break down to build houses.可知，塱料瓶子可用来建筑房屋。53.C。理解具体信息。根据第三、四、五段的内容可知，作者共提到了reusable water bottles,.recyclable shopping bags,reusable shopping bags和Bee's wrap四种对环境无害的产品。54.A。理解文章结构。通读全文可知，文章第一段讲述了塑料对动物的危害，引出话题，第二至五段重在介绍解决塑料危害的办法，最后一段总结全文，升华主题。55.C。理解目的。根据文章大意和最后一段内容可知，本文主要向人们介绍了一些塑料制品的代替品，由此可推断，本文作者是呼吁人们尽量少使用塑料产品。

B Actors Keira Knightley and Kristen Bell have both commen ted on their worries about using Disney princesses as role models for their children. On a famous talk show,Knightley said she had her daughter who was born in 2015)"banned"from watching The Little Mer- maid,the 1989 cartoon."This is the one that I'm quite annoyed about because I really like the film.I mean,the songs are great, but do not give up your voice for a man.Well,that's a little diffi- cult to handle,but I'm keeping to it. Bell,the star of Frozen,expressed her disapproval of the Snow White fairy tale,which became a classic Disney cartoon in 1938.In an interview with Parents,Bell said:"I look at my girls

me."Do you have 750 plus 25 for delivery,ma'am?"

student's positive identity. G.When you have a serious word or concern to speak with the student,do it privately.

B.Investment in research and development. C.The creation and design of a new medicine. D.The preparation for the stage of development. 34.What can be inferred from the text? A.The application of AI in health-tech gains investors'fa- vor, B.AlI supplies a wide range of treatment options to patients. C.Drugs designed by al are surely better than traditional ones. D.The diagnosis by al is more accurate than that by re- searchers.

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3.女①人仗上5儿耒寸。A.来通耒待古ま寸。B.囡鲁館入借b亿行走未寸。C,本屋入買亿行老ま寸。正解：A女：一、无九、読认走一左本。男：子今：下寸。全部読h还：L付、书书乃L1下寸女。読认ま寸。女：L儿h寸。男：充元、読认終力2龙今貸ま寸。来週ま、待p乙〈龙过L1。女：元元、毛5万九。4.女0人仗、心与杓乙心一于亿行老ま左。A飛行機→船→/又B./又→船→自耘車C飛行機→/又→自耘車正解：A女：先週、遠<{仁住友龙5亿会L亿行走ま左。東京5飛行機I2時間、船{亿30分乘一乙島忙着走、子乙5/心又下30分、节2上友龙5①家①近

30A【命题意图】本题考查抗日战争，意在考查学生获取和解读信息、解释历史现象的能力，突出应用性、综合性考查要求。【解题分析】由材料可知，八路军总部要求中共军队在作战中“变游击战为围困战和运动战”说明中国共产党领导的人民军队力量的壮大，A项正确。豫湘桂战役发生在1944年，与材料时间不符，排除B项；材料只涉及作战方式的变化，不涉及建军思想，排除C项；结合所学知识可知，中国抗战进入全面反攻阶段的时间是1945年8月排除D项。31.C【命题意图】本题考查国有企业改革，意在考查学生获取历史信息、运用所学知识解释历史现象的能力：【解题分析】由材料可知，1988一1994年，越来越多的国有企业陷入亏损境地，这说明此时深化国有企业改革迫在眉睫，C项正确。A项说法夸大，不能因为此时期大量国有企业陷入亏损境地就认为改革开放事业面临失败风险，排除；大量国有企业从1988年起就出现亏损，而市场经济体制是在1992年才明确提出的排除B项；材料只能说明国有经济出现亏损，不能说明公有制经济主体地位受到冲击，排除D项。32.B【命题意图】本题考查罗马法，意在考查学生获取历史信息、得出历史结论的能力，突出基础性、综合性考查要求。【解题分析】由材料可知，两位法学家都强调在没有成文法的情况下，人们必须遵守惯法，结合所学知识可知，惯法是人们在生活中逐渐形成的，是约定俗成的产物，即惯法得到了民众的认可，这种观点实质上是肯定立法权属于罗马全体公民，B项正确。A项说法在材料中体现不出，排除；材料只是强调了在没有成文法的情况下，人们必须遵守惯法，并没有强调惯法在罗马法中的特殊地位，排除C项；D项不符合材料主旨，排除。33.C【命题意图】本题考查早期殖民扩张，意在考查学生获取和解读信息、运用所学知识解决历史问题的能力。【解题分析】由材料并结合所学知识可知，荷兰、英国曾经都实行了自由贸易及组织了从事殖民活动的大型商业公司，也都控制过海上贸易，但材料中的时间范围为16一17世纪，英国掌握海上霸权是在18世纪中期以后，C项正确，排除D项。16一17世纪，西班牙和法国均没有控制波罗的海地区、大西洋地区乃至地中海与北欧地区的贸易排除A、B两项。34.D【命题意图】本题考查启蒙运动，意在考查学生获取和解读信息、解释历史现象的能力，渗透了唯物史观、史料实证、历史解释、家国情怀等核心素养，突出基础性、综合性考查要求。【解题分析】由材料可知，休谟认为道德信念不是人类理性的产物，他不承认理性对道德观念的支配性作用，这种对“理性”的认识有利于丰富理性主义的内涵，D项正确。休谟不承认理性对道德观念的支配性作用不代表他将道德置于理性的对立面，排除A项；B项说法在材料中体现不出，排除；休谟只是不承认理性对道德观念的支配性作用，不代表理性对道德观念没有影响，他并没有彻底否定理性，只是反对理性的独断排除C项。35.C【命题意图】本题考查冷战时期世界反对核武器的斗争，渗透了时空观念、史料实证、唯物史观等核心素养，突出基础性、综合性、应用性等考查要求。【解题分析】由材料可知，联邦德国的大多数民众赞成国际核裁军，反对联邦德国进行核武装，同时进行反原子武器的大游行，其他国家也举行了类似的活动，这说明联邦德国民众的行为不是孤立的，而是世界各国人民对核武器态度的一个掠影，反映出当时国际社会已经对核战争威

大单元学三步一体高效训练讲A.生理盐水与细胞内液为等渗溶液，成分差别不大记B.生理盐水的pH与血浆的差距不大，过量补充不会影响pH的稳态C.过量补充生理盐水时，血浆中的钾离子的浓度会偏低D.过量注射生理盐水会导致内环境渗透压发生改变解析：本题考查内环境稳态的相关知识。生理盐水与细胞内液虽为等渗溶液，但是成分差别非常大，A项错误；生理盐水成分与血浆成分明显不同，过量补充会影响pH的稳态，B项错误；生理盐水中主要含有N+和C,过量补充生理盐水时，血浆中的K+的浓度会偏低，C项正确：生理盐水与体液为等渗溶液，过多注射生理盐水不会引起内环境渗透压改变，D项错误。答案：C二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，有一项或多项符合题目要求。全部选对的得6分，选对但不全的得3分，有选错的得0分。10.滑雪是人们非常喜欢的一种冬季运动。下列关于人在滑雪时身体内的变化的描述，错误的是A.在寒冷的环境下滑雪，人体的产热量大于散热量以维持体温恒定B.滑雪时人的神经系统、内分泌系统、免疫系统等都参与了内环境稳态的调节C.滑雪时剧烈运动使肌肉细胞进行无氧呼吸产生大量的乳酸，导致血浆pH明显降低D.滑雪时人体内的代谢活动增强，内环境中ATP和ADP之间的转化速率加快解析：对于恒温动物而言，只要体温恒定，产热量就等于散热量，A项错误；神经一体液一免疫调节网络是机体维持稳态的主要调节机制，滑雪时神经系统、内分泌系统、免疫系统等都参与了内环境稳态的调节，B项正确；血浆中有缓冲物质，可以维持H相对稳定，人体细胞进行无氧呼吸产生乳酸后，H不会明显降低，C项错误；滑雪时机体代谢活动增强，细胞内ATP和ADP之间的转化速率加快，D项错误。答案：ACD1.右图表亦百秤海蜜在实验条件（其他环境条件一定下，不断政变海水。一浓度，它们血液浓度的变化情况。下列叙述正确的是甲→A.甲可以在较高浓度的海水中维持内环境的相对稳定袋0.6B.无法判定甲、乙、丙调节内环境相对稳定能力的强弱Ξ0.4丙C.调节内环境相对稳定能力最弱的是乙0.200.10.20.30.40.50.6D.丙维持血浆渗透压相对稳定的能力比甲弱海水的浓度/mol/L)解析：甲在海水浓度较低的情况下，能维持血液浓度相对稳定，而在海水浓度较高的情况下，血液浓度发生较大的变化，因此甲只能在较低浓度的海水中维持内环境的相对稳定，A项错误。由A项分析可知甲适于在较低浓度海水中生存；乙的血液浓度随海水浓度的变化而变化，可见乙的渗透压调节能力最差；丙在较低和较高海水浓度下都能维持血液浓度相对稳定，说明丙的渗透压调节能力最强，B项错误，C项正确。结合上述分析可知，调节内环境相对稳定能力最强的是丙，即丙维持血浆渗透压相对稳定的能力比甲强，D项错误。答案：C12.下表表示某人细胞外液和细胞内液的物质组成和含量的测定数据，相关叙述正确的是成分/(mmol/L)NaKCa2+Mg2+CI有机酸蛋白质②1425.02.51.5103.36.016.0①③1474.01.251.0114.07.51.0④101402.510.352547A.②属于血浆，其渗透压大小主要与血浆中蛋白质的含量有关B.③属于组织液或淋巴液，②的蛋白质含量减少将导致③增多C.④属于细胞内液，因为其含有较多的蛋白质、K+等D.由于多种因素的调控，几天后再次测量，此人的各项数据与此表相似解析：据分析可知，②属于血浆，血浆渗透压大小主要与血浆中无机盐及蛋白质的含量有关，A项错误；据分析可知，③属于组织液或淋巴液，②血浆内的蛋白质减少会使血浆渗透压降低，将导致③组织液增多而出现组织水肿，B项正确；由于细胞内液中的K+浓度和蛋白质含量要远大于细胞外液，细胞内液中的N:十浓度要远小于细胞外液，故根据25ZCYK·生物学-R-选择性必修1-QGAY

大单元学三步一体高效训练讲4.下列图示能反映HC1在水溶液中的电离情况的是记①①①①①⊙@@⊙①@To②B①公CD解析：HC是强电解质，在永溶液中能完全电离，D项正确。答案：D5.我们常用“往伤口撒盐”比喻某些乘人之危、落井下石的行为。血浆是一种胶体，从医学角度分析，“往伤口撒盐”有消炎的作用，但应该使用生理盐水。从化学的角度分析，下列说法错误的是A.生理盐水是0.9%的NaC1溶液B.血红蛋白也是一种胶体C.血浆中的微粒的直径为1~100nmD.可以用丁达尔效应鉴别胶体和溶液解析：生理盐水是0.9%的NaCI溶液，A项正确；血浆是一种胶体，血红蛋白是血浆胶体中的分散质粒子，直径大小为1~100nm,B项错误，C项正确；可以用丁达尔效应鉴别胶体和溶液，D项正确。答案：B6.明代宋应星所著的《天工开物》记载了火法炼锌工艺。该工艺涉及的化学方程式为ZCO十2C高温Zn十3C0个。下列说法错误的是A.在该反应中，ZnCO3作氧化剂SB.在该反应中，单质C失去电子被氧化，发生氧化反应2eC.该反应转移电子方向和数目可表示为ZnCO,十2C+2商温Zn+3C0D.在该反应中，还原产物为Zn、CO解析：在该反应中，ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，ZnCO3作氧化剂，A项正确；ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，单质C中C元素的化合价升高，失去电子被氧化，发生氧化反应，该反应转移电子方向和数目可表示为4eC0+2元遥za+3co,B项正确，C项错误；ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，还原产物为Zn,CO,D项正确。答案：C7.C2是重要的工业原料，可用于生产盐酸、漂白粉及制氯仿等有机溶剂。下列关于C2的制备、净化及尾气处理的装置能达到实验目的的是浓盐酸Cl-气体→碱石灰NaHCO第+饱和溶液进三NaOH溶液乙丙A.用装置甲制备C2B.用装置乙除去C2中的HCIC.用装置丙干燥C2D.用装置丁吸收尾气解析：实验室用二氧化锰和浓盐酸反应制备氯气，二氧化锰和浓盐酸反应需要加热，甲装置没有加热装置，A项错误；C2和HCI均会与饱和碳酸氢钠溶液反应，不能除杂，氯气中混有的HCI气体可以用饱和食盐水除去，B项错误；C能够与碱石灰反应，不能达到千燥气体的目的，C项错误；氯气有毒，不能直接排放，能与氢氧化钠溶液反应，可用装置丁吸收尾气，D项正确。答案：D8.黄铁矿（主要含FS2,其中Fe的化合价为十2）是一种常见的含硫矿物，在细菌和空气的作用下，黄铁矿中的FeS2可与空气中的O2发生反应。已知反应中FS2与O2的化学计量数之比为2：7，且化合价发生变化的元素只有S和O,则FeS2中的S元素可能完全转化为A.H2SB.SC.SOD.SO1025ZCYK·化学-SDKJB-必修第一册-N

大单元学三步一体高效训练讲4.下列图示能反映HC1在水溶液中的电离情况的是记①①①①①⊙@@⊙①@To②B①公CD解析：HC是强电解质，在永溶液中能完全电离，D项正确。答案：D5.我们常用“往伤口撒盐”比喻某些乘人之危、落井下石的行为。血浆是一种胶体，从医学角度分析，“往伤口撒盐”有消炎的作用，但应该使用生理盐水。从化学的角度分析，下列说法错误的是A.生理盐水是0.9%的NaC1溶液B.血红蛋白也是一种胶体C.血浆中的微粒的直径为1~100nmD.可以用丁达尔效应鉴别胶体和溶液解析：生理盐水是0.9%的NaCI溶液，A项正确；血浆是一种胶体，血红蛋白是血浆胶体中的分散质粒子，直径大小为1~100nm,B项错误，C项正确；可以用丁达尔效应鉴别胶体和溶液，D项正确。答案：B6.明代宋应星所著的《天工开物》记载了火法炼锌工艺。该工艺涉及的化学方程式为ZCO十2C高温Zn十3C0个。下列说法错误的是A.在该反应中，ZnCO3作氧化剂SB.在该反应中，单质C失去电子被氧化，发生氧化反应2eC.该反应转移电子方向和数目可表示为ZnCO,十2C+2商温Zn+3C0D.在该反应中，还原产物为Zn、CO解析：在该反应中，ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，ZnCO3作氧化剂，A项正确；ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，单质C中C元素的化合价升高，失去电子被氧化，发生氧化反应，该反应转移电子方向和数目可表示为4eC0+2元遥za+3co,B项正确，C项错误；ZnCO3中Zn、C元素的化合价均降低，还原产物为Zn,CO,D项正确。答案：C7.C2是重要的工业原料，可用于生产盐酸、漂白粉及制氯仿等有机溶剂。下列关于C2的制备、净化及尾气处理的装置能达到实验目的的是浓盐酸Cl-气体→碱石灰NaHCO第+饱和溶液进三NaOH溶液乙丙A.用装置甲制备C2B.用装置乙除去C2中的HCIC.用装置丙干燥C2D.用装置丁吸收尾气解析：实验室用二氧化锰和浓盐酸反应制备氯气，二氧化锰和浓盐酸反应需要加热，甲装置没有加热装置，A项错误；C2和HCI均会与饱和碳酸氢钠溶液反应，不能除杂，氯气中混有的HCI气体可以用饱和食盐水除去，B项错误；C能够与碱石灰反应，不能达到千燥气体的目的，C项错误；氯气有毒，不能直接排放，能与氢氧化钠溶液反应，可用装置丁吸收尾气，D项正确。答案：D8.黄铁矿（主要含FS2,其中Fe的化合价为十2）是一种常见的含硫矿物，在细菌和空气的作用下，黄铁矿中的FeS2可与空气中的O2发生反应。已知反应中FS2与O2的化学计量数之比为2：7，且化合价发生变化的元素只有S和O,则FeS2中的S元素可能完全转化为A.H2SB.SC.SOD.SO1025ZCYK·化学-SDKJB-必修第一册-N