答案：(1)冬半年西北风强劲，风力搬运大量泥沙沉积于流域 内；流域内土质疏松，易被侵蚀；植被覆盖率低，水土保持能力差； 多暴雨，对地表侵蚀作用强；多丘陵沟壑区，地势起伏大，水流速度 快，侵蚀强；流域内支流众多，输沙量大。(4分) (2)沟谷两侧土壤水分条件较好，利于沙棘生长；在沟谷两侧 坡面上种植沙棘，可减轻暴雨对坡面的冲刷；减缓坡面径流流速， 增加下渗，减轻流水侵蚀；沙棘的根系能起到固沙作用，有利于保 持水土。(4分) (3)沙棘生长时需水量较大，使地下水位下降；沙棘生长不良 或死亡，影响其生态和经济效益；破坏当地自然植被（草类）生长， 影响生物多样性。(4分)

答案：(1)煤炭、盐等矿产资源及水资源；历史因素；交通条件； 位置因素等。(4分) (2)电子信息、新材料、生物医药等。（合理即可，6分） (3)中小企业投资少、见效快，灵活性强；经营范围广，抗风险 能力强；成长快，创新能力强；企业贴近客户，适应性强。(4分)

答案：(1)相似差异(4分) (2)气候（热量、降水、光照等）因素；土壤（或水文、地形）等自 然因素；社会经济发展水、农业生产结构（或市场、劳动力、科学 技术)等人文因素。(3分) (3)地形崎岖，不利于大规模经营，生产成本高；喀斯特地貌， 地表保水保肥性差；多阴湿天气，光照条件较差等。(6分) (4)纬度低，冬季该地气候暖湿，适宜辣椒种植；(2分)正值北 部大部分地区鲜辣椒缺乏期，市场条件好。(2分)

解析：挖穴施肥点选择在树冠投影上坡段，可使肥料随坡面土 壤水向下流动过程中吸收更加充分。 答案：A

解析：马尾松耐贫瘠，但红漠化的土壤过于贫瘠是造成低效林 的关键因素；而侵蚀裸露坡地近地表干热化的小气候和地表无法 拦蓄径流也是低效林形成的重要原因。 答案：B

福建省长汀县朱溪河小流域的地貌类型主要为低山丘陵，海拔 介于267683m之间。流域内水土流失严重，且多分布于距村庄 近、交通方便、坡度较小、风化土层较厚的丘陵区。当地曾经选用 能适应酸性土壤、耐贫瘠干旱生长环境的马尾松作为红壤退化地 治理的树种，但结果却是马尾松生长发育逐渐衰竭，林分结构和稳 定性失调，生态系统功能逐步退化甚至丧失，成为低效林。据此完 成13~15题。 13.推测福建省长汀县朱溪河小流域水土流失的主要原因是 A.河网密布，水蚀作用强 B.落差大，流水、重力作用明显 C.山地面积广，地形崎岖 D.人口增长，过度开垦和樵采

good introduction to the course,and it will probably cover a lot of useful information about the upcoming semester. W:Maybe you're right.It's just that I hate being in large groups.I'm not going to know anyone there. M:You'll know me,though.Besides,I think it will be a good chance to meet people,and there will probably be times when we will have to work together in groups. W:Our course outline seems to have all the information we need. I can't see there is anything new to discuss. M:I heard there will be a former graduate there to provide details about what kind of job opportunities are out there after we graduate.It could be more helpful than you think. W:I don't know.

W:Well,I've got something quite different from that this time. No singing at all.Though it's got some great music,it's an adventure in space.I'm sure you'll enjoy that more than a comedy we saw last time. M:Great!Let's watch that then. (Text 7) W:Happy New Year！ M:Happy New Year!Kate,do you have any wishes for the new year? W:Of course.I hope I can get a good score in the college en- trance examination in June this year,and I can visit Beijing during the summer holiday. M:Which is the most important?

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、 B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每 段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What does the woman use to dry the car windows? A.A cloth. B.A towel. C.Newspaper. 2.When does the conversation take place? A.In the evening. B.In the afternoon.

B.Brother and sister. C.Schoolmates. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.How often does the competition take place? A.Every year. B.Every other year. C.Every four years. 18.How many people took part in the competition this year? A.At least 100. B.At least 120. C.At least 200. 19.Who is the competition intended for? A.Young songwriters.