绝密★启用前2022一2023学年第二学期高一期末调研考试生物学考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自已的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡价上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。数一、选择题：本题共13小题，每小题2分，共26分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.下列关于遗传学的叙述，错误的是甜兵A.性状分离是指显性个体与隐性个体杂交，后代同时出现显性个体和隐性个体的现象B.纯合子自交后代不会出现性状分离，杂合子自交后代可能会出现性状分离C.基因型为Aa的植株自交代数越多，后代中纯合子所占比例通常越高D.验证基因的分离定律或自由组合定律可采用自交法或测交法拟2.某雌雄同株植物的一对相对性状由基因A、a控制，基因A对a为显性。基因型为Aa的植株，其花药中含基因a的精子一半不能参与受精。下列分析正确的是A.基因型为Aa的植株自交1代，F,的性状分离比为3：1B.基因型为Aa的植株自交1代，F,的显性个体中纯合子占2/5C.基因型为Aa的植株自交n代，产生的子代中纯合子占(1/2)”D.基因型为Aa的植株无论自交多少代，A和a的基因频率都是1/23.某水稻有两个纯合品种：抗病高秆和易感病矮秆，抗病(A)对易感病()为显性，高秆(B)对矮秆(b)为显性，两对相对性状独立遗传。下列相关叙述错误的是环A.两个品种杂交，产生的F,再自交，F2中与亲本基因型相同的植株所占的比例是1/8B.两个品种杂交，产生的F,再自交，F2中抗病矮秆水稻新品种植株所占比例为3/16C.通过杂交育种培育抗病矮秆水稻新品种，首先需要将两个性状集中到一个个体上D.通过杂交育种培育抗病矮秆水稻新品种，依据的原理是染色体变异生物学试题第1页（共8页）

1/32023年肥西县九年级第二次质量调研化学试卷三题号1-1213141516总分得分注意事项：可能用到的相对原子质量：H1C-120-16Ca-40第I卷（选择题共12分）得分评卷人一、选择题（本题共12小题，每小题1分，共12分。每题四个选项中只有一个符合题意，请将选出的选项序号填入下列方框对应题号下，填入其他地方无效)题号123456189101112答案1.妈妈为小明设计了一份午餐食谱：米饭、红烧鲫鱼、牛肉、鸡蛋。你认为添加下列哪项后会使这份食谱营养更合理A.素炒豆角B.牛奶C.排骨汤D.小米粥2.化学与生活密切相关。下列说法正确的是A.电木插座具有热塑性，破裂后可以修补再使用，由风不已中骨鱼【示册】B.铁制品表面常涂铝粉防生锈，是由于铝的化学性质比铁稳定的中图碳明(1C.木材着火用水扑灭，是因为降低温度至着火点以下中其D,霉变的食物含有黄曲霉素，加热煮熟可以食用3。嫦娥五号从月球带回了月壤，月壤中存在天然的铁、金、银等矿物颗粒。铁元素的有关信息和原子结构示意图如图所示，下列说法中不正确的是A.铁原子的核外电子数为2626 FeB.铁与稀盐酸的反应产物中，铁元素显+3价铁C,铁元素位于元素周期表的第四周期55.85D,x的值为144.花青素具有缓解眼睛被劳、保护视力的作用，其化学式为CH0,下列关于花青素的说法不正确的是A,从宏观上看：花青素由碳、氢、氧三种元素组成题B。从微观上看：1个花青素分子由15个碳原子，11个氢原子和6个氧原子构成C.从质量上看：花青素中碳元素和氢元素的质量比为180：1D.从类别上看：花青素属于氧化物九年级化学第1页共6页

实实KMnO4溶液（含疏酸）HC2O4溶液H20溶液颜色褪至验温度无色时c号V/mLV/mLV/mL所需时Kmol-LTmol.Lt间s29320.0250.13tB20.0230.1831320.020.15(1)写出该反应的离子方程式：(2)通过实验A、B可探究(填外部因素)的改变对反应速率的影响，其中V1=T=通过实验(填实验序号)可探究温度对化学反应速率的影响。(3)若t<8,则由实验A、B可以得出的结论是；利用实验B中数据计算，用KMmO+溶液的浓度变化表示的反应速率v(KMnO)=(4)实验中发现：反应一段时间后该反应速率会突然加快，造成此种变化的原因是反应体系中的某种粒子对KMO:与HC2O+之间的反应有某种特殊的作用，则该作用是相应的粒子最有可能是26.（共10分，每空2分)将等物质的量A、B混合于2L的密闭容器中，发生反应：3A(g)+B(g)=g)2D(g),经5min后测得D的浓度为0.5mo1·L,c(A):c(B)3:5,C的均反应速率是0.lmol·L-1·min-。(1)经5min后A的浓度为(2)反应开始前充入容器中B的物质的量为(3)B的均反应速率为(4)x的值为(5)对于反应A(g)十3B(g)一2C(g)+2D(g),下列分别表示不同条件下的反应速率,则反应速率大小关系是①(A)=0.01mol·L-1·s-2B)=1.20mol·L-1·min-③WC)=2.40mol·L-1·min-陕西师大附中2022一2023学年第二学期高一年级期终考试化学试题第9页共11页

In a new study published in Current Biology,we report for the first time that mothers shift()their vocal timbre when speaking to their infants().In the Pne Bby b,here ery howchilren we rored Engisakingfor aAtlarmhers while they red to their7-to-1-mthod infants,and hile they spoke toanuxprmnd foundhredd intdreted speech had sdifferenof pofingerprints.Moinmet ofo-pcking otherse found that thisup bitimbre shift ighlyievgeThisetthese timbre hfts“Twmay represent a universal form of communication with infants.acrosBeing bletodentify baby talkulipecouve urichntio bou themand type of angug children hr predifferent cuurm.Thisconsiccodhelp researcherddcoprediet nd improvmuc vocabularydinfoodschool.was dParents should be positiveabou theirwn babytalk:With it,they're helping their babies eamany9.What is the advantage of parents using baby talk on their babies?A.It helps babies improve their language ability.in recB.It prevents babies from behaving in a silly wayC.It enables parents to understand baby language.withiD.It earns parents favor and trust from their babiespeopl10.Why is the timbre of the instrument mentioned in paragraph13.HA.To show results of research on the music timbre.叹B.To explain the function of the timbre of baby talk.C.C.To prove the importance and necessity of baby talk.14.WD.To find the similarity between music and baby talk.A.11.What is paragraph 7 mainly about?C.A.The target subjects of the research.15.WC.The significance of using baby talkB.The good influence of timbre shifts.A.12.What does the author probably suggest parents do?D.The meaning of recognizing baby talk.gA.Try to encourage their babies to stay positive.C.B.Remember to use baby talk with great caution.◇”C.Use baby talk on their babies as much as possible.16.wD.Teach their babies how to use baby talk properly.ABPassage 4The number of birds in North America has declined by almost 3 billion since 1970,according to aCstudy published in Science.The researchers estimated()changes in the populations of 529 species()using long-termbird-monitoring databases.Those data showed that the number of individual()birds across all ofthose species had decreased by 29 percent,from around 10 billion in 1970 to just over 7 billion in2017.posswhat【高考专题突破卷·英语（二）第4页（共6页）】findi

听写34一氧化碳化学用语每日听写1.写出符合如图转化关系的化学方程式。①①②②③CO,③④④或在下面空白处把写错的化学方程式订正过来。核心要点每课过关2通常状况下，一氧化碳是一种色、味的气体，密度比空气溶于水，具有,可用作燃料；具有还原性，可用来;具有,极易与血液中的结合，造成生物体缺氧，冬天室内用炭火取暖时要注意通风。34九年级化学上·R湖北专用

21.What doewabout Muri Beach Club Hotel?A.It has thirty mini rooms.B.It is near the downtown area.C.It can be accessible to adults only.D.It was designed by a modern artist.22.What does Muri Beach Club Hotel provide for customers?A.Wi-Fi service.B.Free local drinks for four people.C.Various Chinese breakfast.D.Live music performance.23.In which section of a newspaper can you find the text?A.Education.B.Science.C.Fashion.D.Travel.BAs the sun neared the horizon,Ali began his nightly walk through the sandy streets ofTimbuktu in Mali.Covered in robes of indigo,he passed through the streets of Timbuktu and眵continued out into the sand dunes,just beyond the city's western suburbs.“IAli was a teenager when he first saw the city that would later become his home.些couldn't believe the lights!"he remembered.Members of his family still live a semi-nomadic(半游牧的)existence out in the desert..But when he became an adult,drought and the need烯to earn a living drove Ali into Timbuktu,where he set up a business as a guide for touristswho wanted to explore the Sahara.His heart remained in the desert even when he had to be in&the city.He refused to get a fixed-line telephone in case he came to depend upon it.When hehad no clients,he would escape to the desert,spending months at a time camping out,drink-别ing tea with friends and sleeping under the stars.As a guide,Ali made friends from around the world,and he visited some in Europe.Itwas,to him,an alien world,just as Timbuktu remains for many around the globe."The first烟time I was in Europe,I saw water just lying on the ground.Everything moved at a speed thatwas unthinkable in the Sahara.I thought 'these people are crazy'.In the desert we have infi-够nite time but no water,"he said."In Europe,you have plenty of water but no time."When travelers wanted to see more of the Sahara,Ali took them to Araouane,a sand-閣drowned town 270 km north of Timbuktu.And yet for the tourists who visited there,thetown was undoubtedly more to it than that.There was something there that produced a feel-ing similar to excitement.It was the awe of vast skies and big horizons.24.What did Ali do daily when the sun would set?A.He took a night walk.B.He chatted with neighbors.C.He took a photo of the sun.D.He bought some food in a store.25.How did Ali feel when first seeing the city?A.Confused.B.Amazed.C.Frightened.D.Moved.26.What can we learn about Ali from paragraph 2?A.He established a travel company.【高三英语第4页（共10页）】·22-12-291C·

学生用人书名师导学·选择性考试第一轮总复·化学2.次氯酸和次氯酸盐的性质有效成分为,它与洁厕灵(1)次氯酸(主要成分为盐酸)混合会立即产生氯气，其离酸性弱于碳酸子反应方程式是C1O+CI+2H+=C2个弱酸性用作消毒剂、漂白剂一强氧→见光分解+H20。、不稳盛放氯水的试剂瓶←一定性氯水的配②漂白粉不能用橡胶塞制与保存主要成分是,其中次氯酸见光分解的化学方程式：2HC1O有效成分是光照2HC1+02个。漂白原理：在潮湿的空气中能吸收CO2,(2)次氯酸盐化学反应方程式为Ca(C1O)2+CO2+H2O①“84”消毒液-2HClO+CaCO3。兽翻像偏命题视角分析核心知识突破“—置h:m典题引路【考向二】氯水的多重性质—科学探【考向一】氯气的性质及应用—科学究与创新意识素养水3要求；学业水2的态度与社会责任素养水2要求。序2要求。例辽宁某地化工厂的贮氯罐意外发生例2氯水中存在多种分子和离子，它们泄漏，泄漏出的氯气迅速向周围的居民区蔓在不同的反应中表现出不同的性质。下列结延，所到之处草木枯黄、大片蔬菜被毁。下列论正确的是()安全处理措施不正确的是(A加入有色布条，片刻后有色布条褪色，A.紧急组织群众向逆风方向疏散说明有C2存在B.消防队员向贮氯罐周围空气中喷洒稀B.溶液呈浅黄绿色，且有刺激性气味，说NaOH溶液明有HCI存在.C.组织群众用浸有稀氨水的毛巾捂住鼻C.加入AgNO3溶液，生成白色沉淀，说明子，趴在低洼处等待救援有C1-存在D.组织群众群众用浸有一定浓度D.加入NaOH溶液，氯水的浅黄绿色消NaHCO3或肥皂水的毛巾捂住鼻子，向山坡上失，说明有HCIO存在转移[素养点拨]收集实验证据，基于现象和[素养点拨]具有“绿色化学”观念，能运数据进行分析并得出结论；认识化学变化的多用所学知识分析和探讨某些化学过程对人类样性和复杂性；能设计物质转化的方案，能运健康、社会可持续发展可能带来的双重影响，用化学符号表征物质的变化，能说明化学变化并对这些影响从多个方面进行评估。的本质特征和变化规律。46

第2章海水中的元素一钠、氯物质的量学生用书4.(2022·浙江模拟)配制50g质量分数5%(2)待I厂沉淀完全后，过滤，将沉淀物置于小的氯化钠溶液不需要用到的玻璃仪器是烧杯中，在搅拌下逐滴加入适量浓HNO3,观察到(颜色)气体放出，(颜色)晶体析出。出于安全和环保考虑，该实验操作需在B(条件)下进行。该反应的化5.(教材改编)现需要80mL1.0mol/L的学方程式为HC1溶液，用10.0mol/L浓盐酸配制，下列叙述正确的是(3)用倾析法弃去上清液，固体物质用少量A.所选玻璃仪器：100mL容量瓶、胶头滴水洗涤后得到粗【2，进一步精制时，选择管、烧杯、量筒必需的仪器搭建装置，并按从下到上的B.所需浓盐酸的体积为8.0mL次序排列：(夹持装置C.向容量瓶转移液体时，导流用玻璃棒可以略)。接触容量瓶刻度线下内壁D.定容摇匀后，发现液面下降，继续加水至刻度线6.用质量分数为98%的浓硫酸(p=1.84g·cm-3)与水等体积混合后，所得溶液中溶质的质量分数为A.等于49%B.大于49%C.小于49%D.无法确定(4)将精制得到的12配成浓度为cmol·L-1二、非选择题的标准溶液，用来测定某样品中维生素C7.(2021·福建模拟)碘是人体必需的微量元(相对分子质量为M)的含量。具体操作素，也可用于工业、医药等领域。大量的碘如下：准确称量ag样品，溶于新煮沸过富集于海藻灰（主要成分是NaI)中，因此从并冷却至室温的蒸馏水中，煮沸蒸馏水海藻灰中提取碘，可有效利用海洋资源。的目的是(1)某兴趣小组以海藻灰为原料进行2的制。用250mL容量瓶配制溶液，备实验。具体步骤如下：将海藻灰加热使用(仪器)量取25.00mL样浸泡后，得到了NaI溶液，将适量品溶液于锥形瓶中，再加人10mL1：1Na2SO3固体溶于NaI溶液，再将CuSO4醋酸溶液和适量的指示剂，立饱和溶液滴人上述溶液中，生成白色CuI即用2标准溶液滴定，溶液显稳定的沉淀，该反应的离子方程式为(颜色)即为滴定终点，消耗I2标准溶液VmL,则样品中维生素C的369

考点30》水的电离及溶液的酸碱性1.D.解析：水在不同温度下的离子积常数不同，K.(25℃)=1.0×10-14

,承8G8LEc8第二节听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。④6-7BC芳美浮报社6.Where did Ann and Dick meet for the first time?EARNINGENGLISH听A.In the playground.B.At an evening party.九年级★河南第21期（第5-6版)C.At a concert.小报基础达标三解7.When will Dick have a picnic?(八年级第三、四章)A.This Friday.B.This SaturdayC.This Sunday.第一节1-3 BBA听力材料：1.What does Helen plan to grow in her garden?W:Dick,do you know Ann?听力A.Some trees.B.Some flowers.M:Yes.We met at an evening party for the firstC.Some vegetables.力time,and then we have become good friends.2.How will the boy go to school?W:Can you introduce her to me?A.By bus.解B.By bike.解M:Sure,Gina.We are going to have a picnic thisC.On foot.Sunday in Central Park.I will introduce her to3.What do the speakers think of talk shows?you if you join us.A.Boring.B.Exciting.W:OK!I'll join you.C.Relaxing.听力材料：听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。1.M:Helen,spring is coming.What do you plan to8-9BC听grow in your garden?听8.Why is the boy unhappy?W:You know I like flowers very much.So they willA.Because his mother lost his bike.be my first choice.2.W:I think it's necessary for you to do some exercise.B.Because his mother didn't buy him a bike.驛M:You're right.That's why I bought the bike.I'mC.Because his mother didn't allow him to climbgoing to ride it to school.理mountains.3.W:What do you think of these TV shows?9.What does the girl advise the boy to do?M:Well.I can't stand talk shows.They are soA.Do as his mother said.boring.But sports shows and talent shows areexciting and relaxing.B.Say sorry to his mother.W:I agree with you.C.Have a talk with his mother.第一节04-5CB听力材料：W:Rick,you look unhappy.What happened to听4.When will Laura go to Canada?you?A.This Saturday.B.This Sunday.听M:My mother promised to buy me a mountainC.Next Monday.bike as a birthday gift,but she didn't do that.理W:Why？5.What is the relationship between the twospeakers?理M:She said it was dangerous to ride a mountainbike.But I am 16 years old.I think I should beA.Friends.B.Neighborsallowed to do it.W:You can talk with her about it again.MaybeC.Classmates.will agree later.听力材料：听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12两个小题。4.W:I wonder if Laura will go to Canada this Saturday.10-12BAC听M:She won't.She will set out next Monday.She has to10.How old is Sally?finish her report on Sunday.听A.14.B.15.C.16.W:OK,got it.驛5.W:Oh,you have just moved in next door?11.What do Sally's parents think of her hobby?M:Yes,glad to meet you理A.Boring.B.Useful.C.Relaxing.W:Glad to meet you,too.Oh,if you need any help,12.What do Sally's parents always ask her to do?please let me know.A.To read books.B.To do houseworM:Thanks.C.To play the piano.

绝密★启用前听第7段8.What d2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试仿真密卷（十一）A.VisitB.Look英语C.Help9.Whatdo?h本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟，考2.What does the woman probably want toA.Del试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。be in the future?B.Clo注意事项：A.A teacher.B.A reporter.C.A doctorC.Can1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓3.How does the man help the woman?听第8段名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写A.By cutting the onions.10.Why清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码B.By reading the recipe.film区域内。听力录音C.By adding the peppers to the pan.A.12.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择4.Where does the conversationprobablyB.It题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书take place?C.I写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。A.In a shop11W3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答B.At home.w题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无C.In a restaurant.A效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。5.What does the man mean?B4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须A.The concert is canceled.C用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。B.The Blue Kings is well known.12.W15.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、C.The woman should go to the concert asA.弄皱。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。well.B.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）22.5分)听第做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独13.W容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个6答案转涂到答题卡上。选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最间。每段对话或独白读两遍。14.佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的听第6段材料，回答第6、7题时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段6.What does the woman think of the yellow对话仅读一遍。rings?例：How much is the shirt'?A.Too big.A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.B.Too expensive.15.赵线答案是C。C.Perfect.1.What is the mangoing to do@?乃.7.What will the man buy for the woman?B16,A.Feed the dog.A.The red rings.B.Walk the dog.B.The blue necklace.C.Clean the doghouse.C.The yellow necklace.金卷仿真密卷（十一）·英语第1页（共8页）23·JJ·FZM0第只

D.听填信息⑥There 38 many places for good fun in the town,·On Green StreetJenny's newsuch as the cinema,the museum and the library.听说应用.It only takes Jenny 15 minutes to (21)walkhouseto schoolFor me,I love the library best.It's 39 my school.ToRestaurantsIt is on the left of her house.get there,I just need to cross the overpass ()A(22)bookshop It is on the right of her house.法My town is really great.40 not take a trip in myIt is (23)opposite hertown?I'm sure you will love it!Around Jenny'sA supermarketnouse.Jenny often goes there or(C)38.A.beB.isC.arenew house(24)Saturday择(B)39.A.downC.aboveJenny likes playing games withB.oppositeA large parkher(25)friendsthere at(B)40.A.HowB.WhyC.Whatweekends.听力材料Today is Saturday.All my family are going to theJenny is a 13-year-old girl.Now she is living in the41.We usually go there by car.But this time my听new house on Green Street with her parents.She is verybrother wants to take a train,because he 42 travelshappy because the new house is near her school.Itto the city by train.On our way there,we see aonly takes her 15 minutes to walk to school.On the leftbridge over a river.The bridge is long and it takesof her house,there are some restaurants.On the right of形us ten minutes to 43 it.The view (there is so 44用her house,there is a small bookshop.Jenny likes readingthat it looks like a picture.books there.Opposite her new house,there is a bigsupermarket.Jenny often goes there with her mother on空(C)41.A.farm B.campC.cityD.countrySaturday.There is also a large park near Jenny's new(B)42.A.often B.neverC.always D.sometimeshouse.Jenny likes playing games with her friends there(A)43.A.cross B.takeC.turn D.openat weekends.Jenny really likes her new house.(D)44.A.fresh B.famousC.strange D.beautifulE.情景对话请通读下面对话，根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。In the city,my father goes to the post office to 45some cards to his friends.My mother goes to theA:Excuse me!(26)Fhospital.One of her friends is in hospital,and she听B:Yes.Go along the street and turn left at the thirdwants to 46 her.My brother and I don't want to goA.Thanks a lot.turning.B.Is it far(远的)from here?with them,so we stay in a library to 47 themA:(27BHow can I get there形B:Yes,it's a bit far from here.The bOpposite the library is a 48.应A:(28)C填(C)45.A.carryB.make C.post D.findB:You can take a bus.Bus 318 can take you there.A:(29)E空(A)46.A.visitB.thank C.leave D.change(B)47.A.search forB.wait forB:About 15 minutesC.talk withD.worry aboutA:30)A(A)48.A.squareB.hospitalB:You're welcome.C.schoolD.marketHello,everyone!My name is Bella.I live inThere are many children playing in it.After mySunshine Town.It's a good place to live.parents come back,we also go to the square to play.There are five supermarkets in the town and oneAfter lunch,we first go to the supermarket to 49语of 31 is just very near my house,about 800 metres完some food and drinks.About 200 metres away fromthe supermarket is a big toy(玩具)store.Myaway.It only takes me several minutes 32 there.Thegoods (in this supermarket are not only cheap,brother and I want to go there,but it's too 50.It's选33 also very nice.I often go there with my parents.time to go back home.Then we catch the trainhome.When we get home,it's already eight in the择(B)31.A.theyB.themC.their空evening.We are tired but very happy.(C)32.A.walking B.walksC.to walk(D)49.A.compareB.wash(B)33.A.s0B.butC.becauseC.watchD.buy(B)50.A.hot B.lateC.heavy D.expensiveAThere is a great park in my town,and many 34四Nina(15 years old)is a middle school student.go there in their free time.Some people like lyingShe and her friend Lisa(14 years old)want to go语in 35 sun on the grass,and others enjoy 36 somesightseeing in Liverpool,England.exercise or playing games.Everyone can 37 a good读The Beatles Storytime there.It will take you two or three hours to visit the museum.You can learn(A)34.A.touristsB.tourist'sC.touristabout the men in the band (The Beatles,John,Paul,George and择(C)35.A.aB.anC.the(C)36.A.getB.to get解Ringo.You can see their photos,learn about the history of the band andC.gettingwatch short movies.(A)37.A.haveB.hasAdult (16+):f17 Child (5-15):f10 Child (0-4):freeC.to haveOpening hours:(April 1-October 31)9:00-17:00(November 1-March 31)10:00-17:00

2023年高考英语模拟试题（八）参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 CBCBA6-10 ACCBA11-15 ABBCC16-20 BACAB21-25 ABADB 26-30 CDDBA31-35 CACDA 36-40 CBGAE

(四)螺等静华奶密学窗莫语·答案解析工22.B细节理解题。根据标题DAY4:ATSA/DRAKE31,A推理判断题。从文中第一段第二何“enPASSAGE下的“Enjoy talks from our onboardhave figured out how this horrible machinery works"mnaturalists about the wildlife and geology that await us可以推断出本篇文章来自一本科学集志。敏选A,on the Antarctie Peninsula,”可知选B,【文大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要饼述了密西根司23，C细节理解题。根据DAYS5→10，EXPLORING大学的研究者们已研制出中种方法可以大批量生产高效CHANTARCTICA下的“Next,we may go kayaking on的半透明的大阳能电池。单鱼5glittering brash ice or along a cliffside rookery in32.A词义猜测题。通过线词后“which work for solarsearch of blue-eyed shags,.”可知选C,farms and roofs but would defeat the purpose of一【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个叫Traciwindows.However,organic solar cells,in which theRuble的女心理治疗师，花费几年的时间在类国40多个light absorber is a kind of plastic,can be transparent.城市里创建非营利组织Sidewalk Talk,该组织通过街边它们通用于太阳能农场和扇顶，但会破坏窗户的用交谈的方式帮助陌生人减缓孤独和压力的做事。“途。然而，有机大阳能电池，其中的光吸收剂是一种24.C推理判断题。根据文中第一段最后一句可以看出塑料，可以是透明的，”可以判断前后两句是把硅基大心理治疗师Ruble担心当今的人们因为忙碌的生活和阳能电池与有机太阳能电池进行对比，可知硅基太阳高要求的工作感到孤独并且缺乏人际交往，所以才会能电池是不透明的。故选A。育够到街上与陌生人聊天并倾听，帮助他们缓解孤独。故33,D细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“As1 gnificant选C。challenge is creating the micron-scale electrical25.A细节理解题。根据文中第二段内容可知，这个组connections between individual cells that make up the织在美国很多城市的公共场所，如公园或人行道和路solar module,.一个重大的桃战就是在组成太阳能模块过的陌生人坐下聊几分钟来创造人们之间在公共场的单个电池之间创造微米刻度的电连接，”可知。故所的联系。故选A。i2o:显选D。26.B推理判断题。根据文中第四段内容，主人公Ruble34.C细节理解题。根据第四段“Instead,the team回忆她难以忘怀的一次公园闲聊。可推断出Ruble认developed a multistep peel-off patterning method:they为她所做的事以及创建的组织可以帮助其他人，是非deposited thin films of plastic and patterned them常有意义的。故选B。into...be sandwiched between two window panes."27.D标题归纳题。通读全文可知Ruble做的看似闲聊文段排序可知。故选C。的小事情以及组织的成立，帮助了越来越多的孤独的35,A观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中提到这种产品人。由此可以判断文章最佳标题为D:一件小小善举大批量生产的可能性以及相应技术在其他产品上的可以有大的作用。A意为：给予本身就是一种奖励。推广的可能性，说明Forrest对这种技术是充满希望B意为：当局者迷，旁观者消。C意为：人多力量大。的。故选A。故选D。【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在夏天【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了通过科跑步时为了健康而提出的五点提示。学研究，研究者发现了猪笼草是运用什么样的机制来捕36.C根据设空前一句（为了避免中暑和其他问题，跑获猎物的。前、跑步期间和跑后喝大量的液体)及设空后半句（那28.B主旨大意题。通读金文，第一段提出核心问题么它将会有助干你更快地恢复，并保持你的身体机能“how this horrible machinery works”,文章第四段对在最佳状态)可知选C项。这个问题进行了重点阴释。故逃B。【解题技巧】这里有一个句式结构“祈使句十and十句29,C细节理解题。结合文章第一段和第五段可知原子”。根据上下文和句式结构特征很容易找到正确答因：这种植物的儿何机制导致猪笼草在雨天弹盖子时案。不能脱离它的栖息地。故选C。37,B设空处为段落标题。根据标题句所在段落大意及30,C细节理解题。选项A在文中第一段第一句提及。提示短语By starting your run early可知选B项。，选项B在文中第二段第一句提及。选项D在文中最38.G根据第二、三段段尾特征，都在说每种建议的益后一段最后一句提及。只有选项C文中没有提到。处，和设空前一句“You can hop in a shower or take a枚选C。19

二全国©0所名校高考模拟金典卷@回所名校高考模拟金典卷·化学（四）4.化学家将光气与氨气作用合成尿素，该反应的化学方程式为COC12十4NHCO(NH2)2十2NHC1。下列说法错误的是(75分钟100分)A.COCl2是面三角形分子B.NH3是极性分子考生须知：1.本卷侧重：高考评价体系之综合性C.CO(NH2)2易溶于水2.本卷怎么考：①考查不同模块知识间的综合（题5）；②考查多种思维方法的综合（题14）；③考查D.COCl2的熔点高于NH呈现形式的综合（题16）。5.我国科学家继二氧化碳合成淀粉后，又成功开发出全球首套二氧化碳加氢制汽油（碳3.本卷典型情境题：题1、4、5、7、8、10、14、16、18。本卷拔高题：题12、14、17。原子数为5~12的烃)的装置。下列有关二氧化碳加氢制汽油的说法错误的是4.本卷测试内容：高考全部范围。A.汽油属于新能源，应合理开发利用B.反应过程中有极性键和非极性键的断裂和形成可能用到的相对原子质量：H1C12016S32Mn55C.该反应有利于实现碳达峰，变废为宝一、选择题：本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有D.汽油属于混合物，包括多种烷烃、环烷烃及芳香烃一项是符合题目要求的。6.下列离子方程式书写正确的是1.中国传统文化对人类文明贡献巨大。下列对古文献记载内容、诗句或谚语理解错误A.过量的碳酸氢钙溶液与澄清石灰水反应：2HCO。十Ca2++2OH一CaCO31的是+C03-+2H2OA.古剑“沈卢”“以剂钢为刃，柔铁为茎干，不尔则多断折”，“剂钢”指铁的合金B.铅蓄电池放电时正极发生的反应：PbO2十2e十4H+一Pb2+十2HOB.“朝坛雾卷，曙岭烟沉”中的雾是一种胶体，能产生丁达尔效应C.已知N2H4为二元弱碱，2H与足量浓H2SO4反应：N2H4十2H2SO4(浓)一C.“绳锯木断，水滴石穿”不包含化学变化N2 H (HSO)2D.《天工开物》中“凡石灰，经火焚炼为用”涉及的反应类型是分解反应D.将过量的SO2通入K2S溶液中：SO2+2S2-+2H2O—3S￥+4OH2.氯水中存在C2十HO一HC1十HCIO。下列化学用语表达正确的是7.我国科学家利用Zn(NO3)2和AgNO3在十八胺(C1sH7NH2)中金属阳离子氧化性A.中子数为20的氯原子：35C】不同，分别制得纳米晶体材料ZO和Ag。下列说法错误的是B.HCI的电子式：H+[:C:]A.第一电离能：N>O>CC.HCIO的空间填充模型：B.十八胺中碳原子的杂化轨道类型均为spC.氧化性：Zn2+十八胺3.下列所示实验操作正确的是8.用FeS、Cu2S处理酸性废水中的Cr2O,发生的反应如下：反应I:FeS十CrzO号+H+→Fe3++SO+Cr3++HO(未配)反应Ⅱ：Cu2S+Cr2O号-+H+一→Cu2++SO-+Cx3++H2O(未配)》NH.下列说法错误的是饱和「A.反应I中还原剂与还原产物的物质的量之比为1：3食盐水A.检验S0.B.处理等物质的量CrzO时，消耗Cu2S的物质的量更多B.吸收氨气C.收集HClD.蒸干FeCl3溶液制的还原性无水FeCl3固体C.处理等物质的量Cr2O?时，反应Ⅱ中消耗H+的物质的量更多D.用FS除去废水中CrzO的同时，还有利于吸附悬浮杂质化学（四）第1页（共8页）【24新高考·JD·化学-JX】化学（四）第2页（共8页）》【24新高考·JD·化学-JX】

34.D。35.C。根据文中的All creatures have a part to play in nature.to care for our tiny casualties as well asthose that come in larger sizes可知，作者认为所有的动物在大自然中都发挥着自身的作用，因此每种动物都同等重要，他们会继续把体型小的动物照顾得和体型大的动物一样好。第二节主题语境：人与社会一一社会本文是记叙文。文章讲述了美国俄亥俄州辛辛那提的黑人消防员Mario Jackson写书鼓励黑人女孩打破偏见、勇敢追逐梦想的故事。36.it。考查it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语为to believe that,.故填it。37.that/who。考查关系代词。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代people,且在从句中作主语，故填hat或who.38.traditionally.。考查副词。设空处作状语，修饰male-dominated,应用副词，表示“传统地”，故填traditionally.39.completed。考查一般过去时。根据in the summer of2020可知，设空处所在句描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填completed。40.becoming。考查动词-ing形式。设空处作介词to的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填becoming。41.until/till。考查连词。not.until/til为固定搭配，表示“直到…才”，故填until或till。42.harder。考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及设空处前的much可知，应用形容词的比较级，故填harder。43.named。考查动词-ed形式。设空处作后置定语修饰a young black girl,且name与a young black girl之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用动词-ed形式，故填named。44.to make。考查动词不定式。hope to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“希望做某事”，故填to make.45.them。考查代词。设空处作with的宾语，应用代词的宾格，故填hem。

4o.E。根据设空处前面的When children participate in...generosity and humility可知，如果节日期间孩子们参与向贫困群体捐赠或送礼物的活动，他们还能学会与人分享和关爱他人，了解慷慨和谦逊的重要性。￡项“同时他们也能学会对自己所拥有和收到的东西心存感激”与上一句并列，符合语境。thankful与设空处前面的generosity呼应。【词汇链接】1.delicacy:佳肴2.humility:谦虚语言运用第一节主题语境：人与自我一一做人与做事本文是记叙文。美国马里兰州的一名业余无线电爱好者帮助拯救了因飓风受困于佛罗里达州萨尼伯尔岛的人们。41.C。根据radio、tuned in to several networks和news on Hurricane lan可知，Klonin收听无线电中的一些频段，关注着有关飓风伊恩的新闻。follow意为“密切注意”，符合语境。42.B.hobby and service that people all over the world use to talk without the Internet orcell phones可知，业余无线电是一项受欢迎的爱好和服务。世界各地的人们在没有互联网或手机的情况下使用这项服务进行通话。43.D.根据went to a shop where his car、bill和选项可推知，Klonin的车在那家店维修。service意为“检修，维修”，符合语境。44.A。当Klonin结账时，他和服务顾问Aly Ruiz闲聊起来。settle意为“结算，结清”，符合语境。45.B。根据made small talk和两个that后的内容可知，Ruiz向Klonin诉说了她妹妹的一些情况。share意为“诉说”，符合语境。46.C。根据she hadn't heard from Kelsey in four hours可知，Ruiz有点担心，因为她已经四个小时没有收到妹妹的消息了。47.A.I've been ..some nets all morning.Some of the emergency operation centers arelistening too可知，Klonin说自己一上午都在听无线电，一些紧急行动中心也在监听。listening在文中多次原词复现。48.B.根据Let me get through a message that some people might need和上段中提到的Kelsey失联的内容可知，Klonin提议把有人可能需要帮助的信息传递出去。49.D.Ruiz readily supplied all the needed...including the number of Kelsey's satellitecommunicator可知，Ruiz毫不迟疑地提供了所有需要的信息，包括Kelsey的卫星通信器的号码。50.B。5l.A。根据Klonin began his drive home and during the.Ruiz texted him,saying hersister had.using the satellite communicator可知，在Klonin开车回家的途中，Ruiz发来信息说她妹妹用卫星通信器（和她）联系了。52.C。根据上文提到的Hurricane lan、her sister Kelsey was on Florida's Sanibel Island、hadn'theard from Kelsey in four hours可推知，Kelsey和另外九人被困在了萨尼伯尔岛上。53.D。根据After returning home,Klonin got on the radio and…all of Kelsey's information可知，到家后Klonin打开无线电并将Kelsey的信息传递出去。54.D。根据The authorities in Florida made..with Kelsey and all people were rescued可知，佛罗里达当局与Kelsey取得了联系，所有人获救。55.C。根据They tend to help people far away可知，Klonin说业余无线电爱好者关心（别人），会帮助远方的人们。

全国©的所名校高三单元测试示范卷教学water-soluble and therefore if high doses (are consumed as a supplement,the body will excrete札记the additional Vitamin C,which is not required.We all know that weight lifting is good for developing muscles,but did you know that it alsohelps increase bone density?Studies have shown that lifting weights and strength training can aidnew bone growth and maintain the existing bone structure."Weight lifting is a brilliant lifestyle fac-tor that can contribute to supporting long-term bone health as it encourages constant bone turnover.As a result,regular weight lifting can contribute to the development of new bone,which in turn al-lows the bones to get stronger,says Hope.Strength training can particularly benefit elderly women,a study found.The women undertooka strength-training program for 12 months and saw "significant increases"in their bone density inthe spine and hips-一areas commonly affected by osteoporosis(骨质疏松).28.What does the author intend to do in paragraph 1?A.Introduce a topic.B.Give us a warning.C.Provide some advice.D.Put forward a question.29.What does the underlined word "excrete"in paragraph 3 probably mean?A.Take in.B.Pass on.C.Get rid of.D.Make up for.30.What can weight lifting do according to Hope?A.Change bone structure.B.Help cure osteoporosis.C.Allow muscles to turn over.D.Encourage bones to grow.31.Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A.What to eat at an old ageB.How to increase bone densityC.Why bone density is importantD.What we should do to keep healthy【答案与解析】科学家发现补充维生素C和举重训练能增加骨密度。28.A根据第1段内容可知，作者通过介绍骨密度的重要性及骨骼强度会随年龄增长而下降，引出如何增加骨密度这个话题。29.C根据画线词上文可知，维生素C是水溶性的，再根据画线词下文可知，多余的维生素C是不需要的，所以身体会排出多余的。由此可推测，excrete意为“排出”。30.D根据第4段第2句可知，举重训练能促进骨头的生长。31.B本文主要讲述：通过补充维生素C和举重训练能增加骨密度。DFor a recent study in the Journal of Experimental Psychology:General,a group of adults readand heard four made-up words.Specific letters always appeared at the beginning or end of a word ifthe word contained a certain vowel ()Participants next read the words aloud quickly.Theirability to avoid mistakes indicated how well they absorbed the consonant-vowel patterns.But before exposure to the new words,the participants had carried out a separate test:pressingkeys to react to letters and numbers.Some got a much faster,more mentally difficult version of thistest.Those who tackled the hard version claimed greater cognitive fatigue(认知疲劳)afterward-but performed better on the following language task.The researchers assume that tired learnersused less conscious analysis on the word rules:they were free to learn like a child.For a related article,the team asked English-speaking adults to listen to streams of syllables se-cretly grouped into three-syllable "words".Later they played pairs of three-syllable bands;oneword in the pair was from the stream and the other was a new combination.Participants guessedwhich word was familiar and then rated their confidence.【24G3DY(新高考)·英语-R-必考-HEB】

》类型4读后续写阅读下列材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Passage 1原汁原味外文素材(新考法I创设真实情境·日常生活)Once in a toy shop,there was a little checkered(有toy rabbit.It had a soft,yellow and white body,a pretty pink nose and big eyes.No one knew just how long the checkered toy rabbit had been sitting there alone on theold shelf.But it must have been there for months,because by the time the little girl cameinto the shop to buy a toy rabbit,.the checkered toy rabbit had gotten creased(有折痕的)and very dusty.The little girl walked up and down the shelves of the shop,looking for just the "right"toy rabbit for her baby sister.It was very important because it was for her baby sister'sbirthday.So the little girl looked very carefully at every single toy rabbit.She picked out the one that she thought was very cute,but put it right back on the shelfbecause it was too expensive.All she had was a few dollars,which had taken her a wholeyear to save up.Even though it added up to only $5.00,that was a lot of money for a littlegirl.And all she wanted to do with the money was to buy a present for her baby sisterHowever,$5.00 was still not enough to buy any toy rabbit in the shop.So she wentover to the store owner and said,"Sir,could you please help me find a toy rabbit for mybaby sister?I only have $5.00,but all toy rabbits in your store are much more than that!"The shop owner looked down at the little girl with the big sad eyes and said,"Well,wereally don't have any bunnies that cost $5.00.The little girl cried,wiping her eyes with herhandkerchief,and walked out of the shop sadly.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。Paragraph 1:“But wait,”said the store owner.Paragraph 2:The little girl walked home happily with the toy rabbit in her arms.175

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考点05必修一UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS·考点导航。班级：姓名：l.重要词汇：rescue;damage;destroy;death;affect;shelter;shock;trap;bury;effort;suffer;aid;calm;strike;effect;length2.重要短语：in ruins;in shock;in the open air;on hand;sweep away等3.重点句型：too..to..;It seems as if..;sth.be十形容词+todo;was doing.when..等4.单元语法：关系代词引导的定语从句▣伥必备知识·考点巧练》3.在中秋节，我们会在户外赏月，享受美味的月饼。I.单句语法填空On the Mid-Autumn Day,we will1.The value of life lies not in the(long)enjoying theof days but the use we make of them.delicious mooncakes.作2.It is not always easy to tell whether you are4.电影中给我印象最深的是父亲对儿子深深的爱。业faced with a real(emergent).时in the3.It is reported that more than seven million可movie was the father's deep love for his son.沿people have been affected by(dry).4.Food(supply)may run out towards5.一场破坏性的台风席卷了这个地区，给当地的经虚线the end of the trip,so we can't waste any food.济造成了极大的破坏。5.It was his(wise)and diligence thatA destructive typhoon swept across the region,made him a success.6.The doctor is not quite sure about what effectthe head injury will haveⅢ.句型转换（把下面两句话合并成限制性定语从句）the patient.7.She brought the roses in,and then just looked1.Success is something.It is only earned afterat themshock.much labour.summary,we should not judge aperson from his appearance.9.I like getting up early in the morning.The2.That was the best exhibition.It was shown inmorning air is so good(breathe).10.He stood there,staring at me as if Ithis city last year.(come)from the outer space.11.I was walking the dog in the parksuddenly something unusual caught my attention.3.In ancient China lived an artist.His paintings12.Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struckwere almost lifelike.by floods,fromeffects people arestill suffering.Ⅱ.根据汉语提示完成句子1.到目前为止，大量的食物已经分发给了受可怕地4.Some are good at recognizing their own strengths.震影响的人们。Happiness and success often come to them.Up to now,large quantities of foodbythe terrible earthquake.2.食品安全非常重要，所以政府不遗余力地防止食5.We're trying to reach a point.Both sides will sit品污染。(effort)down and talk at this point.Food safety is of great importance,so thegovernmentfood pollution.高address vt.称呼The president should be addressed as"Mr President”.总统应被称呼为"总统先生”。英语9

正老等过墨，垂电家复水中运水薰酸最定等旅出复气，质看水氯酸的不断分爆，亚终该瓶能水会转化亡藏时湾大有液途巴减小，A正确：光强过程中，随着次氯酸的不乐分得，溶液中精有更多的氧气与水发生立立过发大品正黄：光强过程中，随看次氯霞的不断分果，政出的氯气蓬来愿多，广口瓶。凭气德国合蚕不哥碧大C正喷：溶版的皂导率与海液中的离子旅度成正比，亮照过程中，溶液中的离干常度不断增大、则容夜药电孕享心不断墙大最经当溶液完全变为盒酸时，客液的电学率保特不变，位g周限作屋化并加头的条件下1四X或1mY最多能与1回lH:发生加应反应，C质误，经D1个基态C直子有个未成避电于，A借误：C:在晶胞中处于体心位置，B结误：晶体中每个Ca周国紧等且垂写福享药0共有12个，C结误：C1与0最小间距为晶胞面对角线长度的一半，则晶胞面对角线长度方么口直参美务am盖格的程度为万8X-P水m,D正确1404D左右两侧气体的温度.压查相同，相同条件下，气体的体积之比等于其物质的量之比，左、右两侧气体的体积之比方4：1，则左右两侧气体的物贡的量之比也为4：1，则右侧气体的物质的量为四-0.25。A正确：相同条件下，气体的密度之比等于气体的摩尔质量之比，右侧气体的均摩尔质量一0.5©8 g多g~m,氧气药章尔质量也为32g·m,则右侧气体的密度等于相同条件下氧气的密度.B正确：右侧C0和C0,的总质量为8g,C0和C0,的总物质的量为0.25m0l,设C0的物质的量为xmol,二氧化要的物质的量为0.25-）m0,则有28十44×(0.25-)-8，每得-品m,则c0的质量-品mX328莒·m0=5.25g,C正确：若改变右侧退合气体的充人量而使隔板处于距离右端。处，则左、右侧气体体积之比为5：1，右侧充人的C0和C0,的混合气体的物质的量为四=0.2m0l,相同条件下气体的压之比等于气体的物质的量之比，则前后两次充人容器内的气体的压强之比=(1+0.25)m0l:(1十0.2)m0l=25：24,D错误。15.(1)①烧杯中溶孩变红(2分)②Ba2+-20H+2H+S0=BaS0,￥+2H20(2分)(2)①Ba2、C1-(2分)②D(2分)(3)S02+20H-S0+H2O(2分)BC(2分)电子转移(2分)I6.(I)MnO,+4HCi(浓)△MnC2+C↑+2H,O(2分)饱和食盐水(2分)衡气压，防止倒吸(2分)(2)足量的KOH固体（或KOH固体）(1分)大量晶体析出(2分)用无水乙醇洗涤2~3次（或用无水乙醇洗涤）(1分)(3)2NaC1O,+4HCI-2CO2↑+C2↑+2NaC1+2H,0(2分)(4)3Cl+I+60H-6CI+I05+3H2O(2分)7.(1)Mg2+、AP+(2分)r、NO、SO、CI(2分)(2)Mg(OH)(2分】(3)6T+2N0+8H*-3L+2N0↑+4H0(2分)(4)①AC(1分】②不能（分）量中所得的溶液是加入过量盐酸后的溶液，溶液中一定含有C」，但不能说明该废水中就一定含有C广（分）.$23分】【高三化学参考答案第2页（共3页）】24161C

26.What does the underlined part"turn their33.Which of the following plays an important rolelenses on"in paragraph 3 mean?in agricultural improvement?阅A.Do well in.B.Get tired of.阅A.The invention of machines.C.Keep away from.Turn attention to.B.The collection of resources27.What does the author want to show through theThe use of digital equipment.理解last paragraph?D.The training of farmers.A.Katia's last stage of life.解34.What are tech companies expected to do?B.Katia's strong love for her field.A.Build more greenhouses.C.Katia's contribution to volcanology.B.Meet the market requirements.Katia's influence on later generations.C.Change their management style.gWatch their environmental behavior.C28.What do we know about the city of Malmo?35.What is the best title for the text?阅☆It is eco-friendly..B.It is in disrepair.阅A.The long-term goal of Earth DayC.Food waste is serious.B.Modern farming and technological changeD.The shipbuilding is growing.理Eco-innovation and environmental29.Why have the talking trash cans been installed?理protectionA.To draw the public attention to a harmoniousD.The key to the development of technologysociety.To stimulate the citizens to keep the city clean.industryC.To involve the citizens in high-tech devices.D.To encourage the public to be talkative.第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出30.What does Marie Persson think of the talking能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余trash cans?选项。阅They have achieved the desired effect.阅From Amur Leopards,Black Rhinos andB.They are a good try but the effect is limited.Bornean Orangutans to Hawksbill Turtles,理C.They are well designed but cause anVaquitas and bluefin tuna,many endangeredargument.理animals are at risk of extinction.G 36 To preventD.They have improved the citizens'sense ofthis from happening,humans put a great deal ofhumor.time,effort and money into saving endangeredanimals.Some people think extinction is a naturalprocess that would happen with or withouthumans.A37 Research shows that extinction is happeningquicker now than ever before.Human beings are阅31.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?the greatest threat to the survival of endangeredA.The change of programmed messages.阅species with poaching(偷猎)，habitat destructionB.What the talking rubbish cans look like.and the effects of climate change.Therefore,we理C.How the talking rubbish cans function.have a responsibility to save endangered animals.The short history of the talking rubbish理For the enjoyment of future generationsOne of the strongest arguments for savingcans.endangered animals is simply that we want to.Weget a lot of pleasure from seeing and interactingwith animals.Species that go extinct now are nolonger around for us or future generations to seeand enjoy.38 E That is heartbreaking.For the environment and other animalsEverything in nature is connected.Removing32.What can we learn about the technology阅one animal or plant will upset the balance ofnature,can change the ecosystem completely and读理解industry according to paragraph 2?may cause other animals to suffer.For example,A.It contributes to saving electricity.It benefits and damages the environment.理bees may seem small and unimportant,but theyC.It will change our traditional way of life.have a huge part to play in our ecosystem-theyD.It is a major cause of greenhouse gasare pollinators(传粉者).39 F Without bees,.many plant species would go extinct,which wouldemissions.upset the entire food chain.For medicinal purposes5

11.下列实验操作或做法正确且能达到目的的是选项实验操作或做法目的向盛有NaSO3固体的锥形瓶中滴加稀盐酸，产生无A证明氯元素的非金属性强于硫元素色气体实验室将生成的乙酸乙酯导人饱和的Naz CO,溶液B使乙酸乙酯产品更加纯净中，分液向2支盛有5mL不同浓度NaHSO,溶液的试管中同探究浓度对反应速率的彩响时加人2L5%的H2O2溶液，观察实验现象向淀粉水解液中直接加人新制银氨溶液并水浴加热，D说明淀粉未发生水解未形成银镜12.由W、X、Y、Z四种原子序数依次增大的短周期主族元素组成的化合物M可作肥料，W、X、Y、Z分属三个短周期，其中X、Z位于同一主族，Y是地壳中含量最多的元素，且四种元素的原子序数之和为31，下列说法正确的是A.由W、X组成的某种化合物与水可形成分子间氢键B.最简单氢化物的稳定性：X>Z>YC.简单离子半径：XZ>YD.Z的最高价氧化物对应的水化物为二元强酸13.某温度下，在2L恒容密闭容器中加入3.0molX,发生反应3X(s)=Y(g)+2Z(g),反应过程中有关数据如下表：时间/min0510152025Z的物质的量/mol00.10.180.250.250.25下列说法错误的是A.5min时，Y的浓度为0.025mol·L-1B.0~10min内，Y的均反应速率为0.0045mol·L-1·min-1C当容器内艺的值不变时，该反应达到衡状态D.当混合气体的密度不再改变时，该反应达到最大限度14.某固体混合物可能由SiO2、Fe2zO3、FeS、Na2SO、Na2CO3、BaCl2中的若干种物质组成，设计部分实验方案探究该固体混合物的成分，所加试剂均过量。下列说法正确的是一+气体KMnO.(H）气体B(气体体积减，体混合物稀HS0,→游液A0H溶液广白色沉淀B(一段时间后颜色加深)L溶液BBa(NOb溶液广沉淀C→周体AL溶液CHNO沉淀DAgNoA.气体A中一定含有SO2B.固体A中一定含有S和BaSO,C.该固体混合物中一定含有Na2CO3、BaCl2、SiO2D.该固体混合物至少含Fe2O3和FeS中的一种【高三化学第3页（共6页）】·24-60C·

2023-2024学年第一学期11月高三阶段测试化学参考答案1B【详解】A.竟赛自行车整体车架采用高模量碳纤维，高模量碳纤维属于新型无机非金属材料，A错误：B.运动员房间的激口杯、衣架采用麦秸秆材质，麦秸秆的化学成分为纤维素，属于天然有机高分子材料，B正确：C.白色棚罩“云之翼”的顶部覆盖了带二氧化钛涂层的PT℉E膜，PT℉E膜的主要化学成分是聚四氟乙烯，属于合成有机高分子材料，C错误：D.亚运火炬“薪火的金属部分采用1070铝合金旋压成型，铝合金属于无机金属材料，D错误.2.C【详解】A.二氧化氮易溶于水而且与水反应，不能用排水法收集，叙述错误，A错误：B.乙醇与水互溶，不能萃取碘单质，叙述错误，B错误：C.氯化氢和水都是极性分子，利用“相似相溶”原理可以解释氯化氢极易溶于水进行喷泉实验，C正确：D.二氧化疏用NaOH溶液吸收是由于发生了化学反应，叙述错误，D错误。3.D【详解】A.氮气中形成氮氮三键，N2的结构式是N=N,A错误：B.S2结构示意图应为：B错误：CKCI为离子化合物，形成过程错误，C错误。4.C【详解】A步骤①中反应产物应为C0,A错误：B.二氧化硅是酸性氧化物，但不溶于水，不能与水反应生成硅酸，B错误：C.SiHC1:(沸点33.0℃)中含有少量的SiC14(沸点57.6℃)，互溶的液体且沸点有差距可以通过蒸馏（或分馏)分离，提纯SHC1,C正确：D.纯硅中含有的共价键数目为2N,时，其质量为28g,D错误.5.B【详解】A.b、c、d三个过程的转化都可以与O2反应实现，A正确：B.NO溶于水反应产生NO和NO,生成物中含有NO;,在该过程中N元素化合价发生了变化，因此不能根据过程h说明NO2为酸性氧化物，B错误：C.汽车尾气中含有NO,在尾气排放时，在尾气排放管中发生反应：2NO+2CO=N2+2CO2,实现了由NO向的转化，故过程j可能为汽车尾气的处理过程，C正确：D.氮的固定是指将氮气转化为氮的化合物的过程，反应C、k这两步转化都属于单质转变为化合物，D正确。6.D【详解】A.常温常压下，23gNO2和NO,混合气体含有的分子数不能确定，A错误：B.1 mol Cu与足量的S反应生成CuS,失去N:个电子，B错误：C.标准状况下，1ol乙炔与氢气完全加成，破坏的共用电子对数为4Wa,C错误：D.9.2gNa与含0.1 mol HC1的稀盐酸充分反应时，酸不足水补齐，0.4 nol Na转移电子数目为0.4N,,D正确。7.C【详解】A因次氯酸弱于碳酸，所以方程式中次氯酸根不存在，应为次氯酸分子，A错误：第1页

(4)将装置C进行17~20℃冷水浴(5)①当滴入最后半滴标准液时，溶液的颜色由蓝色变成无色，且半分钟内不变色②A③50%【解析】(5)③由题干信息可知，反应的关系式为2C1~(CNO)3Cl2Na~2I2~4S2O,2-,即25.00mL样品溶液n(C）=2(Na:S,0)=0.5×0.1000X40×103mol=2×10mol,则1.4200g样品中n(CD=2X10mol×0-2X10m0,所以样品的有效氯测定值为2X082×100%=50%。1.4200g17.(每空2分)(1)适当提高酸浸温度、适当增加硫酸浓度等（答案合理即可）(2)2Fe2++H2O2+2H+—2Fe3++2H2O(3)5.2≤pH<7.5(5.2~7.5也可以)(4)SiO2、CaSO4(少答一个给1分，答错不给分)(5)硫酸（或其他非氧化性无机强酸，合理即可）(6)不能，该反应的衡常数K=2.5×106,转化程度小，不能实现转化(7)3.84×10-2【解析】(5)“反萃取”原理是用反萃取剂使被萃取物从有机相返回水相的过程。向操作①后溶有NR2的有机层中加入硫酸（或其他非氧化性无机强酸，合理即可），根据反应原理M+十nRH一MR,十nH+可重新得到RH,循环使用。(6)根据题干数据可知，CoC0,(s)+C,0(aq)-=CoC,0,(s)+C0(aq)该反应的衡常数K=cCOS)c(C2O)=c(C0)×cCa)=Km(CaC0)=2.5X05,转化程度小，不能实现该转化。c(C2O)c(Ca2)Kn (CaC2 O)25℃pH2的草酸溶液中C,0〉-C0）·c且Xc1C,0）·cHXy1c(H2C2O)c(HC2O)c(H2C2O)11K,(H,C.0,)XK,(H.C.0,)×2(H-6.4X105×6X102×a0z-3.84×10。18.(每空2分)(1)NO2 (g)+SO2 (g)=SO3 (g)+NO(g)AH=-42.5 kJ.mol-(2)①cd②60%1(3)B(4)乙p>p2>p:T时以反应②为主，反应②前后气体分子数相等，压强改变对衡没有影响【高二化学试题参考答案第3页（共3页）】

S0,和空气浓Na0H和30%H0,稀HS0NaCl0,固体→反应器→吸收塔→{结晶、过滤、千燥→NaCl02产品回收NaHS0,已知：①C1O2浓度过高时易发生分解爆炸，一般需稀释至含量10%以下。②H2O2受热易分解(1)向“反应器”中鼓入空气的作用是(2)“吸收塔”的作用是将产生的C1O2转化为NaC1O2,在此过程中加入的H2O2是作用(填氧化剂”或“还原剂)，当有1molH2O2参与该反应时，反应转移的电子数为(3)“吸收塔中需要控制温度不超过20℃，其原因是(4)NaCIo2在温度高于60C时易分解生成NaCIo3和NaCl,写出该化学方程式(5)写出“反应器”步骤中生成CO2的离子方程式(6)为测定所得NaC1O2(摩尔质量90.5gmol1)产品的质量分数，进行如下实验：步骤1：准确称取所得亚氯酸钠样品1.000g于烧杯中，用适量蒸馏水和略过量的KI晶体，再滴加适量的稀硫酸，充分反应。(反应方程式为：NaCIo2+4KI+2H2SO4=2H2O+2I2+NaCl+2K2S04)步骤Ⅱ：将所得溶液转移至250mL容量瓶中，稀释定容得溶液A:准确移取25.00L溶液A于锥形瓶中，向锥形瓶中滴加两滴淀粉溶液作指示剂，用0.2000moL的Na2S2O3标准溶液与之反应，至恰好完全反应时消耗Na2S2O3溶液22.00mL。(反应方程式为：I2+2Na2S2O=2Nal+Na2S4O6)计算该产品中NaCIo2的质量分数(保留小数点后两位)。20.（16分)实验题铁是日常生活中最为常见的金属，也是用量最大的金属。某化学兴趣小组想通过如下实验来探究铁及其化合物的某些性质。探究I:利用“图甲”来探究铁与水蒸气反应的产物，试回答下列问题（部分装置和仪器已略去)。铁粉B石棉城图甲(1)装置B中发生反应的化学方程式为(2)装置A、B加热的先后顺序是；石棉绒的作用是(3)反应结束后冷却至室温，取一定量B中残留的固体于试管中，加入足量稀盐酸充分溶解后，再加入几滴KSCN溶液，如果溶液没有变红色，能否说明铁与水蒸气反应生成的固体中一定不含+3价的铁，请说明理由高一化学学科试题第5页

A.①⑥B.②④C.③⑦D.④⑤10.下列事实中，能用勒夏特列原理解释的是()A.配制FeSO4溶液时，加入一些铁粉B.500℃左右比室温更有利于合成氨的反应C.实验室常用排饱和食盐水的方法收集氯气D.由H2、I2(g)、HI组成的衡体系，加压后颜色加深11.下列说法或表示正确的是()A.等量的硫蒸气和硫固体分别完全燃烧，后者放出热量多B.由C(s,石墨)=C(s,金刚石)△H=+1.9 kJ-mol1可知，金刚石比石墨稳定C.在稀溶液中：H(aq)+OH(aq)=H20(1)△H=-57.3 kJ-mol',若将含1 mol CH3COOH的醋酸溶液与含1 mol NaOH的氢氧化钠溶液混合，放出的热量小于57.3kJD.在101kPa时，2gH2完全燃烧生成液态水，放出285.8kJ热量，氢气燃烧的热化学方程式表示为2H2(g)十O2(g)=2H20(1)△H=-285.8 kJ-mol112.在一密闭容器中发生反应：2A(g)+2B(g)=C(S+3D(gAH<0,达到衡时采取下列措施，可以使正反应速率增大，D的物质的量浓度增大的是()A.移走少量CB.升高温度C.缩小容积，增大压强D.容积不变，充入氦气13.醋酸溶液中存在电离衡CH3COOH三CH3COO+H,下列各项不正确的是(A.醋酸溶液中离子浓度关系满足：c(H=c(OH)+c(CH;COO)B.常温下，pH=2的CH:COOH溶液与pH=I2的NaOH溶液等体积混合后，溶液的pH<7C.向CH3COOH溶液中加少量的CH3 COONa固体，衡逆向移动D.将0.10 mol/L CH3COOH溶液加水稀释，溶液中所有的离子浓度都减小14.利用图示装置测定中和热的实验步骤如下：①量取50mL0.25mol/LH,S0,溶液倒温度计入小烧杯中，测量温度：②量取50mL0.55mol/LNaOH溶液，测量温度：③打开杯盖，将NaOH溶液倒量热计的内筒，立即盖上杯盖，插入温度计，混合均匀后测量混合液内筒、温度。下列说法不正确的是()杯盖隔热层A.仪器A的名称是玻璃搅拌器B.为便于酸碱充分反应，NaOH溶液应分多次加入外壳C NaOH溶液稍过量的原因是确保硫酸完全被中和简易量热计示意图D.用温度计测定NaOH溶液起始温度后直接测定H,SO,溶液的温度，所测中和热△H有误差。15.下列有关仪器的名称、图形、用途与使用操作的叙述均正确的是(名称ABCD名称250mL容量瓶分液漏斗酸式滴定管冷凝管图形配制1.0molL1NaC1溶用酒精萃取碘水用途与可用于量取液，定容时仰视刻度，则中的碘，分液时，蒸馏实验中将蒸使用操10.00mL碘层需从上口放作配得的溶液浓度小于1.0气冷凝为液体mol-L-1出NaCO3溶液16.常温下，下列各组离子在指定溶液中能大量共存的是(A.遇甲基橙变红色的溶液中：Fe2+、NO;、SO、Na高二化学学科试题第2页

全国I@0所名校高考模拟金典卷,抗疑血药物替罗非班合成中间本的结构如图所示。下列说法错误的是02强A该有机物的分子式为CHNOHO0叫魂HB该有机物的水解产物均可与N。C0溶液反应-(o0Hc1mol该有机物最多可与3 mol NaOH反应At2e光·③考查n该有机物中苯环上的一氯代物有3种」某种净水剂由原子序数依次增大的按X、￥2五种主族元素组成。该五种元位于三个短周期.且包含地壳中含量的三将头泰，五种元素原子的经外层电子数之和为20。下列说法正确的是XA1多507575B最简单氢化物的稳定性W心Y>光的经大.意)。R分别与W乙形成乳智到共价化合之、1b43b.号月驮H005A网D营见单质的熔点XZW>RL列学奖设等中新点击化学有生物正交化学微出页献的三位科学家。应点击化学的代表反应为叠氮一炔基成环反应，部分反应机理如图所示。下列说法正确的是D,0小小f1香北学R-CuN3RRRCu、C与都为该反应的催化剂源6拉汽…RB,中间产物中仅含有极性共价键CC4.离RCuC产物使漫浆酸性高显酸钾溶液褪色的原理相同雪本城龇催化剂D,该过程的总反应为RH+R2-NsG]化学-)第2页（共8页）【24·JD·化学-QG】

程，电压表的示数科学兴趣小组为酒丝（不考虑电阻丝流表A100阻器R20登的示意图，该装置在工作时，左侧传3040506070司的苹果由传动带的左侧无初速餐中2反应温度/C门传感器R,R的电阻阻值随压力吸引分拣板与下通道连接，小于设定山工的价电子排布式为3业),该晶体的密度p衣的计算式)g·m,eTO,的结构的另种表示如图2（晶胞中末标盈6原子，画出沿☑具与传送带间的动摩擦因数一2李长L=2m,小苹果在通道上滑行的距0.92m,分拣板的转轴O位于上下水阻丝并排后，用轴向y面投影时氧原子在xy面的位置(径过传送带、托盘称、分拣板和上下通道径D=378电阻丝的电阻，到●Ti分拣板上通道示数I1,然后将第Ti进去，读出电流FeO Fe000R丝的电阻R大电表示)，若考虑电图1图2电)18.(14分)元素周期表是学物质结构和性质的重要工具，下面是元素周期表的一部分，表中学在科技活动可所列字母A、DE、G、Q、M、R分别代表某一化学元素。请用所给元素回答下列问题。20金属弹簧（电阻826Fe:苹果与传送带间因摩擦产生的热量：直.C接，当托盘中没铁变阻器总电阻GMR3d64s2系数为k,若不Fe55.85图15252P323p5图2<正对，O是贴近A板上表面左边缘R(1)表中某元素原子的核外电子层数是最外层电子数的3倍，该元素的原子结构示意图为胡性的交变电压后，在两板之间产生了律如图乙所示.现在O点放一个粒子。R原子原子核外有5种能量尚的电学37(2)元素Fe在元素周期表中的位置是网国期图2，中，55.85表示原子1碰到金属板，就附着在金属板上不知粒子源发射的粒子初速度大小顶量来、的周期为T,图乙中是已知量，每甲(3)表中某些元素的原子可形成与Ar具有相同电子层结构的简单离子，这些离子的半径若p=80,在1=0时刻被射出的行称物体的质由大到小的顺序是S2ZC(填离子符号)白压表示数与✉1D两种元素形成的化会物含有的化学使类型是极性定填极性健”或”非极成正比，请不性键)，其分子是及小速（填“极性分子”或“非极性分子”。数U,'与所(⑤)表中金属性最强的元素与铝元素相比较，可作为判断金属性强弱依据的是》(选填编号)。a,能否置换出铝盐溶液中铝b.AI(OH)3能否溶解在该元素最高价氧化物对应水化物中高中名校联c,单质与氢气化合的难易程度板A、B间的距离=d单质与同浓度的稀盐酸发生反应的剧烈程度周期内发射的粒子的点62024届·普通高中名校联考信息卷（月考三）·化学息卷（月考三·扬混届·青通高中名校联考信息卷（月考三）6EUCA