15.ACD【解析】矿山修复过程中原有的土壤条件基本保留，发生了次生演替，A正确；矿山修复过程中生物组分增多，提高该系统的抵抗力稳定性，B错误；通过人工制造表土、植树种草等措施可加速恢复矿区生态环境，C正确；矿山生态修复考虑生态、经济和社会效益，遵循生态工程的整体原理，D正确。16.AB【解析】对小鼠注射GP3蛋白，小鼠发生体液免疫并产生相应的抗GP3蛋白抗体，A正确；①过程是将细胞甲和S20细胞融合，诱导动物细胞融合的常用方法有PEG融合法、电融合法和灭活病毒诱导法等，B正确；融合后的细胞至少需要经过两次筛选，第二次筛选需进行克隆化培养和抗体检验，C错误；由一个B淋巴细胞增殖形成的细胞群所产生的单一型抗体分子就称为单克隆抗体，D错误。三、非选择题（共60分）17.(除标明外，每空1分，共10分)(1)H2 O NADP(2分)O2(2分)(2)电子在沿类囊体膜传递过程中有逸出（流失或散失）(2分)(3)强实验C组（抑制类囊体蛋白PsbS)与实验B组（抑制叶黄素转化）相比较，C组（抑制类囊体蛋白PsbS)光合作用效率降低更大(2分)【解析】(I)从图中可以看出，光系统Ⅱ可以将水光解产生e、氧气、H+,e经过一系列的传递体形成电子流，接受电子的是NADP+,该物质接受电子和H后，生成了NADPH。在有氧呼吸过程中产生的H和e,与NAD生成NADH,NADH与氧气反应生成水。(2)PSⅡ将e传递给质醌使之还原，PSI从质醌夺取e使之氧化，由于电子在沿类囊体膜传递过程中有逸出，故一般植物的PSⅡ：PSI的比率大约为1.5：1。(3)据图可知，实验C组（抑制类囊体蛋白PsbS)与实验B组（抑制叶黄素转化）相比较，C组（抑制类囊体蛋白PsbS)光合作用效率降低更大，因此在高光照条件下，类囊体蛋白PsS数量变化比叶黄素转化对绿色植物的保护作用强。18.(除标明外，每空2分，共13分)(1)滋养层(1分)(2)染色体结构和数目变异(3)①XB所在的b所在的②bbXsRYX③Ⅱ19.(除标明外，每空1分，共12分)(1)自由扩散分级调节激素起作用后即失活(2)G℃可抑制细胞因子释放，促进淋巴细胞凋亡，降低机体的免疫排斥反应(3)乙酰胆碱和抗原(2分)去甲肾上腺素释放减少，使T细胞释放乙酰胆碱减少，减弱了对B细胞的刺激(2分)(4)①正常造血干细胞并注射适量X抗原②异常造血干细胞并注射等量X抗原③减少实验误差④抗X抗原的抗体产生量【解析】(1)GC是类固醇激素，进入细胞的方式为自由扩散；激素发挥作用后即失活，所以激素需要不断地合成，GC的分泌受到下丘脑一垂体一肾上腺轴的分级调节。(2)由题意可知，GC可抑制细胞因子的释放，降低免疫系统的功能，在器官移植时，可使用适量的GC以降低免疫排斥反应，提高成功率。(3)B细胞可以接受抗原的刺激增殖分化，由图2可知，B细胞还可以接受乙酰胆碱的信号刺激；去除脾神经后，去甲肾上腺素释放减少，使T细胞释放乙酰胆碱减少，减弱了对B细胞的刺激。(4)本实验的目的是证明小鼠B细胞缺少胆碱类受体导致体液免疫能力降低，所以实验的自变量是胆碱类受体是否被破坏，实验设计思路为：取生理状态相同的小鼠若干只，去除小鼠自身造血干细胞，获得不产生B细胞的小鼠，随机均分为两组，将其中一组小鼠移植正常造血千细胞并注射X抗原作为对照组，另一组小鼠移植异常造血千细胞并注射X抗原作为实验组，一段时间后，检测两组小鼠抗X抗体的产生量，为了减少实验误差，要对对照组和实验组均测定多只小鼠。故①为正常造血干细胞并注射适量X抗原；②为异常造血干细胞并注射等量X抗原；③为减少实验误差；④为抗X抗原的抗体产生量。生物学参考答案（附中版）一3

高二生物考试考生注意：1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共100分。考试时间90分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上3.本试卷主要考试内容：人教版必修1~3，选修1或选修3。第I卷（选择题共50分）一、选择题：本题共25小题，每小题2分，共50分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。1.19世纪，细菌学家发现结核杆菌并证明该菌为人类结核病的病原菌。结核杆菌是一种需氧菌，可侵染全身各器官，但以引起肺结核多见。下列叙述正确的是A.结核杆菌和人体肺细胞所需的ATP均主要来自线粒体B.结核杆菌和人体肺细胞均具有细胞膜、细胞质、核糖体等结构C.结核杆菌和人体肺细胞的遗传物质的主要载体均是染色质D.结核杆菌和人体肺细胞均属于生命系统中的个体层次2.膳食纤维是指人类消化系统不能分解和吸收的植物性食物成分。膳食纤维主要存在于植物细胞壁中，包括纤维素、果胶等化合物。下列说法正确的是A.膳食纤维属于糖类，是人体主要的能量来源B.纤维素是组成人体细胞的重要成分之一C.膳食纤维能取代其他营养成分，可降脂减肥D.纤维素和淀粉等大分子物质均以碳链为基本骨架3.酸性葡萄糖苷酶能分解糖原，当溶酶体中缺乏该酶时，溶酶体吞噬的糖原不能被分解，糖原大量堆积在次级溶酶体内使其肿胀，最终导致溶酶体破裂，酶漏出，严重破坏组织细胞。下列有关说法错误的是A.完整的生物膜系统能够保证细胞内同时进行多种反应，而不会互相干扰B溶酶体合成的酸性葡萄糖苷酶不足是溶酶体中缺乏该酶的原因之一C.溶酶体主要分布在动物细胞中，具有分解衰老、损伤的细胞器的功能D.正常机体的肝脏细胞的溶酶体中含有较多的酸性葡萄糖苷酶4.鱼嬲是一种半透膜，蔗糖不能通过半透膜。现向鱼鳔内注入适量的10%蔗糖溶液，排出鱼内的空气，并扎紧开口，然后将鱼鲸浸没在盛有20%蔗糖溶液的容器中。下列各项能正确表示鱼鳞内蔗糖溶液浓度随时间的变化趋势的是忄鱼螈内蔗糖溶液浓度个鱼鳔内蔗糖溶液浓度个鱼螈内蔗糖溶液衲度：鱼鳔内蔗糖溶液浓度时间时间时间时间AB【◇高二生物第1页（共8页）◇】

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6.下列有关ATP和酶的叙述，正确的是A.酶的活性可用单位时间内单位量的酶催化多少底物反应来表示B.ATP在相关酶的催化下脱去2个磷酸基团后可形成腺苷C.酶与底物结合时酶的空间结构会发生不可逆的改变D.淀粉在人体消化道中水解需要酶的催化并合成大量ATP阅读以下资料，回答第7-8题：2020年一场史上罕见的蝗虫灾害席卷东非和亚欧大陆。沙漠蝗、东亚飞蝗和中华稻蝗等多种蝗灾害虫铺天盖地，毁坏当地的草场、作物，对粮食安全造成了巨大的咸胁。最新研究表明，蝗虫会释放一种信息素4甲氧基苯乙烯（即4VA),吸引其他个体聚集。7.下列有关蝗虫数量变化的叙述，正确的是A.调查蝗虫种群密度变化，常用标志重捕法B.东亚飞蝗种群数量波动表现为非周期性波动C.沙漠蝗种群数量呈逻辑斯谛增长，不会超过K值D.不同年份蝗虫数量变化主要由内源性因素调节引起8.下列有关蝗灾的叙述，正确的是A.蝗灾破坏后的草场，不存在垂直结构B.被破坏的草场可发生次生演替形成森林群落C.蝗虫释放的4VA属于化学信息，可利用4VA防治蝗灾D,因生态系统具有较强的自我调节能力，故不应人为对蝗灾进行干预9.1986年，广东海洋大学研究员陈日胜在湛江海边发现了第一株耐盐碱的野生海水稻，但存在产量低、米质差等缺点。2016年，袁隆院士团队与陈日胜合作，利用杂交育种等技术，培育出高产海水稻。下列叙述错误的是A.高产海水稻的培育过程主要依据基因重组原理B.野生海水稻与高产海水稻之间不存在生殖隔离C.利用野生海水稻培育高产海水稻，体现了生物多样性的直接价值D.高产海水稻培育过程中，种群基因频率在自然选择作用下发生定向改变10.下图是白菜与甘蓝体细胞杂交技术的流程，下列分析错误的是①3白菜体细胞原生质体A①月正在融合的杂种愈伤白菜一甘蓝甘蓝体细胞原生质体B原生质体细胞组织幼苗A.该过程发生了染色体变异B.过程①②均应置于较高渗透压溶液中C.经过程②③获得的均为杂种细胞D.过程④⑤通常需要适宜的植物生长调节剂的配比11.实验材料的选择与实验目的相匹配是实验能否成功的关键。下列关于酶实验的选材与实验目的相匹配的是A.利用淀粉、淀粉酶、碘液和不同pH缓冲液探究pH对酶活性的影响B.利用胃蛋白酶、牛奶和双缩脲试剂探究温度对酶活性的影响C.利用过氧化氢、新鲜猪肝研磨液验证酶的高效性D.利用蔗糖、蔗糖酶、淀粉酶和本尼迪特（斐林）试剂验证酶的专一性Z20名校联盟（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）2024届高三第一次联考生物试题卷第2页共8页

(1)仪器a的名称是(2)图中装置A是实验室加热高锰酸钾制取氧气的发生装置，其试管口塞一团棉花的作用是(3)实验室用装置B制取二氧化碳的化学方程式为,用该装置制取二氧化碳的优点是(4)若装置C中盛放澄清的石灰水来检验CO2,应将装置B中的导管与装置C中的导管(填“b”或“c”)相连接。15.(6分)铁的化合物有广泛用途，如碳酸亚铁(FCO)可作补血剂。某兴趣小组利用铁粉在化学实验室尝试制备FCO,其流程如图所示，据此回答下列问题。过量铁粉FeC0,固体②Na,CO,溶液FeSO溶液①操作a稀硫酸NaSO.溶液操作a铁粉已知：硫酸亚铁在空气中易被氧化成硫酸铁。(1)写出反应①的化学方程式：(2)操作a的名称为,该操作过程中玻璃棒的作用是(3)反应②的基本反应类型是(4)实验室常在配制好的硫酸亚铁溶液中放入几枚洁净的铁钉进行保存。加铁打的目的是16.(6分)某化学兴趣小组以二氧化碳为主题开启了学的探究之旅。【任务一】认识二氧化碳(1)下列有关二氧化碳的说法正确的是(填字母)。A雅溶于水B.固态二氧化碳可用于人工降雨C.二氧化碳会导致酸雨D.二氧化碳是一种有毒气体【任务二】探究二氧化碳的性质用图1、图2的实验装置验证CO2的性质。初中学业水考试最后一卷·化学（二）第6页，共8页餐扫描全能王创建

们的新常态。mirror"反映"，符合语境。curiosity"好奇心，求知欲"。【佳作展台】做应是为了鼓励作者，故本段可围绕父母的做法、34.C根据上文中的"It's left us hopeful"可知，此41.as考查状语从句。根据前面的"as much ofAs far as I'm concerned,skiing and skating are作者的反应以及最后的结果展开。因续写两段的开处指渴望(desiring)使一切恢复原样。the capital'"可知，此处是as..as..结构，表示my favorite winter sports.头语暗示了作者消极的心态，续写结尾可升华主旨，35.B综观全文可知，此处指作者努力在意想不到"尽我所能更多地探索这座首都"，故用s引导Winter sports benefit us in many ways.First of如作者改正了态度，重拾信心，继续与音乐为伴。的地方看到美丽。第三段中的"I might have比较状语从句。all,compared to indoor workouts,sports activities【佳作展台】found these places too urban to be appealing"42.discoveries考查名词。根据空前的"many ofthat are carried out during winter(定语从句)tend toThe three words shocked and upset me deeply."An提示。purity"纯洁"；beauty"美丽"。my best'"可知，空处应用名词复数。help us burn off more calories.Moreover,they help usalternate?Was my audition that bad?"I thought to第二节43.aimlessly考查副词。空处修饰非谓语动词build endurance in addition to their positive effects onmyself."This had to be a mistake."After confirming【解题导语】本文是记叙文，主题语境是"人与社exploring,应用副词，故填aimlessly"无目标地，physical health.Last but not least,we will feel there was nothing wrong,my confidence and passion漫无日的地”。会”。北京是一座古今交融的城市，它让作者着迷。extremely happy while playing winter sports(状语从句disappeared.On the outside I didn't seem sad but on44.is designed考查时态和语态。此处描述客36.attractive考查形容词。空处作定语修饰的省略)because we may feel bored inside the house inthe inside,my whole world had crumbled(运用并列句观情况，应用一般现在时；主语和design之间为history,应用形容词attractive"有吸引力的"。chilly weather(原因状语从句)描述人物心理).I had no intention of attending the被动关系，应用被动语态，故填is designed。show choir at all.I was torn from something that I37.in考查介词。in harmony是固定搭配，表示Therefore,I sincerely call on more people to take45.to offer考查非谓语动词。此处构成不定式"融洽地，和谐地"，故填in。part to get benefits from these sports while thought could make me different from others(定语从句).的动词ofer与something是动宾关系，但ofer38.which考查定语从句。此处为"介词in+关enjoying fun.A year after my giving up,my parents brought me的逻辑主语t是不定式动作的发出者，故此处第二节to a restaurant that allowed live music.They系词"引导非限制性定语从句，表示地点，故填不定式用主动形式表被动含义。【写作指导】l.文章大意：作者自幼就热爱音乐，她encouraged me to walk onto the stage and sing.I flatlywhich第三部分写作高中的时候积极参加了表演合唱团的选拔。试演refused at first,but finally said yes.When choosing39.Having visited考查非谓语动词。空处是非第一节结束后，作者自认为表现出色，但结果却出乎意料，the song,I broke out in a sweat.Anyway,I started..谓语动词作状语，isit与I是逻辑上的主谓关心押题有据她只被选作候补。As I continued,I relaxed.When I hit the high notes,系，因此用现在分词。再根据后面的时间状语高考热点素材2.写作思路：根据续写第一段的开头语和续写people cheered,clapping with enthusiasm(现在分词"over the last 10 years"可知，此处强调visit这2022北京冬奥会的成功举办使冰雪运动"热"起第二段开头语中的"my giving up"可知，本段可描述短语作状语).At that very moment,,I realized that I动作发生在had之前，故用现在分词的完成式。来。本篇应用文写作主题为冰雪运动，体现了在作者看到这一结果后的心理活动和行为，作者因成didn't get into one program didn't mean I lost all hope四临考锦囊试题中适当融入社会热，点的高考命题特点。如何确定作状语的现在分词的时态：看非谓为候补者而失去了对音乐的信心和热情。续写第I still loved to sing..In the future I know I won't always【写作指导】get outcomes I want but I'll continue(升华主旨)语动词与谓语动词所代表动作的时间关系：二段的开头语是"在我放弃一年后，父母带我去了话题人与自我一冰雪运动①若两者（几乎）同时发生或前者发生在后者家允许现场演奏音乐的餐厅"，作者的父母这样时态以一般现在时为主之后，则用一般式doing;②若前者发生在后者名作2022年高考最后一卷（押题卷三）要点1：点明自己喜欢的冰雪运动，如路之前，则用完成式having doneskating,skiing等（略写）多盟热点素材致力于文字和语言研究的博物馆语言星球；冷湖天文观测点布局要，点2：分条介绍冰雪运动的好处，如燃四创新角度语法填空第37题考查名词所有格，要求考生正确理解句意、灵活运用语法知识40.curiosity考查名词。空处与interest并列，作烧热量、强身健体、锻炼毅力等（详写回偏好题型阅读第4题考查对作者观，点的理解；完形填空第27题考查动词短语的语境辨析had的宾语，故应用所给词的名词形式。要点3：呼吁人们参与（略写)新高考卷·英语押题卷二·答案一1新高考卷·英语押题卷三·答案一12

o6l令8091☑7：12化学529B答案.pdf☑CO2(g)+H2 (g)=CO(g)+H2O(g)起始时物质的量/mol100.800转化物质的量/molxx衡时物质的量/mol10一x0.8一xx衡时，容器内n(CHC2H)=0.2mol,n(C6HCH)=0.8mol,n(H2(0.8-x)mol,n(CO:)=(10-)mol,n(CO)=n(H2O)=x mol,ng =11.8 mol,H2质的量分数为9-01-Q682ml.n(H)=018mlp(CHCH)-品器【高二化学·参考答案第3页（共4页）】·23-529B·X0.1MP,C,HCH)=品.s×Q.1MP:p(H)=9×Q.1MPa,K,11.8p(CHCH,):p(H)=0.004。p(C6 H;-C2 Hs)(4)根据物质的化合价升降情况可知，电极a为阴极，电极b为阳极，电极a发生的反应为HCHO十CO2一8e+8H—C2HOH+2HO,每生成1mol乙醇，电路中转移的电子数为8NA。18.(1)醚键、酯基(2分)；取代反应(2分)(2)0Cl(2分)HOCOOHCOOCH(3)十CH,OH.浓硫酸+HO(2分)；7：2(2分)NONOHOHONO.OH(4)7(2分)：或(2分)NOCOOCH【解析】(3)由流程及B、C的结构式和分子式判断，B生成C的反应为酯化反应。(4)根据题意可知，四个取代基在苯环上的位置有（数字代表与一NO2相连的碳的位置）：HOCOS沿H01OHHO 1 OH2,共7种COOCHCOOCH【高二化学·参考答案第4页（共4页）】·23-529B·其地应用打开

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听写4对蜡烛及其燃烧的探究化学用语每日听写1.请抄写并背诵下列元素的符号，每个元素符号写2遍。氢丑氦Ha碳C氮N氧0氟氖a钠a镁Mg铝AD磷硫S氯CI钾K钙Ca铁Fa锰Mm铜u锌Z五银合g核心要点每课过关2.蜡烛是一种体，硬度较,密度比水溶于水。蜡烛具有性，燃烧时火焰分层，温度最高，生成物是和。蜡烛熄灭时会产生一缕4九年级化学上·R安徽专用

当代中学生超CN36-0059）投稿信箱：yingyu@jyy.com主题语境：人与自然语境内容：本文介绍了美国的四个少有人迹的国家公园。2L.D细节理解题。根据Gates of the Arctic National3Park and Preserve部分中的Gates of the ArcticNational Park and Preserve is the northernmostnational park in the United States可知，Gates of the3Arctic National Park and Preserve是美国最北的国家公园。22.D细节理解题。根据Isle Royale National Park部分While the park is open...visitors can still make itto the island by hiring a private sea plane or privateboat可知，2020年客轮服务停止了，但有决心的游客仍然可以通过租用私人海上飞机或私人船只到岛上。23.C细节理解题。根据National Park of AmericanSamoa中的Halfway between Hawaii and NewZealand,the National Park of American Samoa sawsome60,000 visitors in2019可知，the National Parkof American Samoa位于夏威夷和新西兰中间。B【素养导读】语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会语境内容：l3岁的Michael Platt开了一家烘焙店来帮助他人。24.B词义推测题。画线词所在句表示的是迈克尔年幼的时侯就想像马丁·路德·金一样帮助有需要的人，这也成了他的梦想，由此推断，t代指帮助有需要的人。25.A细节理解题。根据第3段中的Michael has timeto bake because he has epilepsy and has to be taught athome可知，迈克尔由于身患疾病，不得不在家学。26.B推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，迈克尔帮助他人的善举对他人产生了深远的影响。27.D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了13岁的MichaelPlat开了一家烘焙店来帮助他人的故事。C【素养导读】语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然语境内容：《国家地理》杂志摄影师Michaela Skovranova带着一部特别的智能手机开启了南极探险之旅，并用它记录了那个神秘而又美丽的地方。28.A细节理解题。根据第1段中的an opportunity toexplore this magic land should not be missed可知，Skovranovai认为探索南极洲的机会不容错过。29.B细节理解题。根据第2段可知，Skovranova此次的南极之旅是要对一部特别的手机进行测试。30.C推理判断题。根据第3段第1、2句可推知，Skovranova是一位经验丰富的自然摄影师。31.C推理判断题。Skovranovasi说总是有新的东西值得观察和记录。她想给自己尽可能多的选择。有了这部特别的手机，她可以随时拍摄任何东西。由此推断，她喜欢探索新的事物。D【素养导读】语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我

eeirbieellife cycles,this book describes what.much more以及This book合再培。关。主题语境：人与杜会There aresome usersand we计会服名that是记叙文，学校的一名足球教练得知为队解休合息·一段中的Tsideroadhaving,acceo social media and viewing othe的深桥被洪水冲迎解词。根据第二段中的Hagan felt luck灯上难过、丧有这些是正帝的。that it was only his bridge that was destroyed by the3品设项的】被闲得为接6.B.理解八体信息。根据第三段中的c5主题语境：人与自我cighth-grade teacher是记叙作soon as I heard they needed help,I put out a cal根据下文中的h better than my Italian司可知，Dino的英文水有限7.D,理解观点、态度。根据最后一段中的Boho22.A23.D。根据上文中的where you can live next doorto sonnefor 10 yrs withou主题语境：人与自我生活与学从小热爱烹任的Gaby Melian创作图书帮助孩子们了解拄丁美剂的食8D。理解具体信息。根据第段中的Her25.根据上文描述可知，作者从美国组约个小镇，每个、对他米说都是霜生人，在这理，他开始受到了独的和9.B理解具体信息根据第三段She says sheA.根据上文中的TheShe also wants to encouhands busy in the kitchen可知，Melian创neigAnd then he called out,"Good书的初ning!解拉了动打对他释放。10C。推断似是文中根据第五段中的Many of these foodsare easily found in the United States,says Melian.可知，作者原本可以站在自己的大门后和because of the strong influenceof HispaniDino交谈ultureyou食物在美国省很天的响29时候夫妇在家中招待作者的描1l.A。理解具体信息。根据最后一段中的shed可斑，D0夫妇将作者道请到了他们的家中：o to the kitchen,open the fridge30.C。根据空前的Dino held a fig in front of metore it in half,and puthis mo冰箱里拿出一些食材快速地制作些物吃【补充说明】半，把穷外半给作者，作者也吃acpa:阿瑞常见于拉王美洲的尔种委31A32.B.根据两空之间的how such sweetnes2采是西常有辣白菜和番茄沙菜的知，这个场景处充黑耳卷饼4.abuela:西班牙语中的ndmother5.tengo hambre:西班牙语中的'm hungry主题语境社会D史、社会与文化苏美东人的战场上最先使用的房学推断粮据第二段中的根据上文中的Dino夫妇热情邀请作者进屋500-year-oSucrian eatesnearly five hundred years名G7作者清清中深明化了的马。s然作者和Dino的语言并不相通，但这并不根据第三段中的Cuneiform响他2同的交流，作者得Din邀请他进tablets fou入家中的善意，为】,amy可知着要角色。Q这马科动的在花据第五段中的色of an14.A。理解具体信息。the ancient animalrses.domes米M的研究者们通第语境：大与自变做人与做事文是记叙文，ll岁的Josephine Lavoie总是过基因组分折开了该研究尽自己所能帮助别人,C。理解主旨要义。根据第段中的Before36.organized.考warhorse.37的方考雀动词宋定式wy0dosh.做某文标感【补充说明】可流域（幼发拉底河和在从句中作主语，故填”tha游)早期居民族苏美39.are done般现在时的被动语态。根据语苏美尔文明，是整个第索不境可知，此处描述的是经常发生的事，应使用知最早的文明楼售，皮僧置错es为司数名的缓使用之间为are a0考查可数名词的复数friend意为“朋美索不达米亚是可数名词。想据设空处前的aew可知诚的调，意为两河之间的是古希腊对两河设空处应使用可数名词的复数：故填iend可知，此处现的伊拉伊朗41.f的部分地名尔王军的苏美尔人制行到到另的室距今已有。考查形容词。根据语境可知，设空50年艺久的历史，且可能被构建在处在句中作定语，修饰名词bgs,应使用形容词，个的不箱子上通过精美的镶嵌图案在两面分别互…和…现了战争与和两幅不同的画面。andering.time doing sth花时间做文形式。ped汽身文辈透气用有能手机找固定搭配。cm作用或响make a difference们可高性被项符合语境，下文中的Than help you.environment是对F项的进一步解译说明17.A,上文中的if a website or app is ask入遇到此类问题的解决办法，故A项（的18给s0可知，该句与设空处为并列关系，因此设空

2022年12月嘉兴市高三教学测试英语试题（一模）参考答案··、听力每小题分，满分30分)1-5 CBAAB 6-10 CABBC 11-15 CAACB 16-20 CACBB一、阅读（共两节，满分50分）第-节每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)21-23 ACB 24-27 BDAC 28-31 DABB 32-35 DDCA第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）36-40 DAGCF三、语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（每小题1分，满分15分）41-45 ACDDB 46-50 BACDB 51-55 CABCA第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）56.taking 57.to/of 58.have been found 59.pieces 60.a61.certainly 62.that/which 63.to explain 64.living 65.and四、写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节应用文（满分15分）略第二节读后续写（满分25分）略

中国联通。囵米议芯令6.l77%*1早上821small sections of human brain tissue made from stem cells in a special container.Butnt asna6wins,g停经)元don'tohichmroca血onedow,said Serguasca,the study's lead author from Stanford University.Tooverom such restrictiTsearciesioplaniodtkcgoupingoftumanbaincels,calcdorganoits,intotebnainsofyoungrts.2014.Hmv implanted nttr but mr sdevelopnay inceriimting how well implanted cells c interale.ypating them at theseearlywras aodhattesecanorelatively arged reversad they c coveraboutfrat's brain,"said Pasca.nautkingToesthowwell the human eros integrated with the rat brains and bodis,air was blownours thewellanimals'whiskers,which prompted elctrica activity in the human neurons.That showed that xtemalstimulation of the rat's body was processed by the human brain tissue.The scieiststhedct another test in the oppositeorder They implanted human brain l whichcould respond to blue light,and then trained the rats to expect a"reward"of water from a pipe when blue lightshoneon the neurons via a cable in the animals'brain.After two weeks,they found pulsing the blue light sent therats scrambling to the pipe.The team has now used the technique to show that organoids developed from patients with Timothysyndrome grow more slowly and display less electrical activity than those from healthy people.Tara Spires-Jones,a professor at the University of Edinburgh's UK Dementia Research Institute,said thework"has the potential to advance what we know about psychiatric disorders."28.Why did scientists researchon rats instead of the special container?A.Because psychiatric disorders are too complex.B.Because rats also suffer similar psychiatric illessesC.Because it limits the growth of human brain nerons.D.Because human bran ern rowtoo quckly int29.What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A.Rats'e has a sigificant innn the rearch.B.Hunmanbrnincelscan'tbeimplantedintoadtltrats.C.Rats'brai o'evelp if they rvehumD.Hmlargerintyouns'30.Whyid theercyoumoreA.TomimaionsB.otie t atsandmiCTocoaimhemanbaincelbcouldgowwelaas'bneinsube stoasbody.in31.What is the significance of the research?

大一轮复学案化学Ⅱ.加热装置CD.将气体Y全部通入10mL1.2mol/L的Na0H溶液(3)装置C中发生反应的化学方程式为中，所得溶液中HC0;的物质的量约为0.08mol该反应证明10.(2022山东济南月考)将一定体积稀硝酸溶液均分氨气具有性；实验中观察到装置C中为两份，一份与足量的铜粉反应收集到气体的体积为装置D中0V,另一份先加入与其等体积的稀硫酸，再投入足量的(4)该实验缺少尾气吸收装置，图二中能用来吸收尾铜粉收集到气体的体积为V,(V,和V,都在同一条件下气的装置是(填序号)。测定)。下列观点不正确的是(5)氨气极易溶于水，若标准状况下，将2.24L氨气A.V2一定大于V溶于水配成0.5L溶液，所得溶液中溶质的物质的量B.若3V,=V,则反应后的溶液中均有NO;剩余浓度为mol·L-l。C.若4V,=V,则稀硝酸和稀硫酸的物质的量浓度之能力强化练比为1：38.(2022山东济南联考)氮肥是保证我国粮食安全的重D.V,不可能等于5倍的V,11.研究硝酸工业尾气的处理对环境保护和资源的开要物资，一种利用电化学制备NH,的转化历程如图发利用有重要意义。一种利用硝酸尾气初步处理所示。下列说法正确的是(后获得的高浓度NO.(NO、NO2)气体制备NaNO2H,0+02LiN2NaNO,的工艺流程如下：步骤Ⅱ步骤I高温Na,C0,、烟气熔融电解水稀硝酸溶中和蒸发可碱吸结晶工母液转化蒸发回LiOH物质X收分离T转化结晶母液回分离常温收C0,NHH,0NaNO.步骤ⅢNaNO,A.步骤I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ均为氧化还原反应已知：NaNO,在酸性条件下能发生歧化反应。B.H,0、Li0H均为该历程中的催化剂回答下列问题：C该历程总反应为2N,+6H,0一定条件(1)“碱吸收”过程中发生反应的离子方程式为4NH3+302D.由该历程表明N2的氧化性强于O,(2)蒸发I产生的蒸气中含有少量的NaNO2等有毒9.某试样溶液中可能含有NH4、Na、Fe3+、Mg2+、S0物质，不能直接排放，将其冷凝后用于流程中的C0?、CI、NO;,其中阴离子的物质的量浓度相等。(填操作名称)最合理。某同学利用该试样溶液进行实验，现象如下。下列(3)“转化”时加入稀硝酸发生反应的化学方程式为说法正确的是(气体X0.224L、标准状况)(4)若将NaNO2、NaNO,两种产品的物质的量之比气体Y(0.224L、试样过量足量Ba(OH),(aq)白色稀盐酸标准状况)设为2：1，则生产2.76tNaN02时，Na2C0,的理论溶液沉淀A沉淀B(2.33g)用量为t(假定Na2C0,恰好完全反应)。100mL滤液N(5)工业制硝酸尾气中的NO.(NO、NO2)常用NaOH滤液MHr足量/Cu试管口出现溶液吸收，反应的化学方程式为NO+NO2+2NaOH红棕色气体2NaNO2 +H20,2NO2 2NaOH NaNO,A.气体X属于弱电解质NaNO,+H,0。硝酸尾气中的NO,通入足量NaOHB.该试样溶液中可能还有Cl存在，其中Na*一定存溶液中充分反应后气体没有剩余，则：在，且c(Na)≥0.4mo/L①NO,的x的取值范围为C.滤液M在酸性条件下与铜片的反应中，还原产物②反应后溶液中n(NO,):n(NO)=是NO2(用含x的代数式表示)。·346

换A2A5中The pricesfthe foods arefoWhat tira theycomeound I pm0oodaonmeI madethisthem in themomingMax.And Jackwill日W:Thank youe strawberries.awbe的信W:OhM-”关情orange juice.we wilThat's great!9清听下面一段白，根据白have a wonderful内容完成下列句子m将有50节钟的时间阅读句子不超过3个单词内容。独白读两造。thealbut the salad did not tastegoodthem wasThegreentea ice creameal.Inbut the理清greatest way to end myod place,rices are very high.We spent 300short,it's a goinall.It's too expensive tothere onc ofen.So I decided to goth with my family参考答案(One possible version选择题徐外)4th听力理解1-5ABBAA6-10 CBAABsic11-15 BCABA 16.Last Sunday17.the train station18.delicious19.green tea20.300二、单项填空21-25 DCABD26-28BCB三宗开影直29-33 CADCB34-38 DACBC39-43 ADBCA44.spent45.to make46.n47.really48 but49.expensive50.themselves51.restaurants52.something53.know54.bridge四、阅读理解55-57DBA58-62 DBCCA63-67 DCCBD68-72 BADDD73-77 FACGB五、补全对话78-82 GBDEA六、书面表达Dear Susan,Our school is going to have iChinese Traditional Food Festival!Are you interested in it?Now letme tell you something about it.The festival will be this Saturdayin the playground.At first we wilwatch a video about Chinese foodculture.Then we will be able to tastesome traditional Chinese food likesteamed buns,dumplings and zongWhat's more,we will have a chanceto learn to make dumplings.Soundsamazing,right?I hope you can come.I believeyou will have a good time here!I'mlooking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Ming【书面表达写作指导】本次写作(1)体栽：应用文：(2)时态：以一般将来时为主(3)人称：以第一人称为主：(4写作中可能用到的表达：be inter-ested in,in the playground,beable to,learn to等

35.B。推理判断题。根据最后一段伍德曼的话“The work we've donespending years working with a group to learnhow they do what they do and then translating that into something useful for scientists-is critical to movingconservation forward(我们花了多年时间与一个小组合作，了解他们是如何做的，然后将其转化为对科学家有用的东西，这对推动保护工作至关重要)”可知，伍德曼认为他们的工作为鹦鹉保护方面的科学家提供了宝贵的参考，故选B。【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要分析了飞机上食物尝起来没有味道的原因。36.E。根据上文“How many times have you complained about airline food being tasteless'?(你有多少次抱怨飞机上的食品无味？)”可知，“我们”时常抱怨飞机上食物寡淡无味。再由“the reason might be a change in our ability toperceive taste(原因可能是我们感知味道的能力发生了变化)”可知，这可能是我们自身的原因，而不是食物的问题。故选E项。37.C。根据上文“The air inside airplane cabins is far more dry than the air we breathe on the ground.(机舱内的空气比我们在地面上呼吸的空气干燥得多。)”可知，机舱内的空气更干燥些，再根据下文“In an environment like this,your powers of taste and smell begin to drift away.(在这样的环境中，你的味觉和嗅觉能力开始衰退。)”可知，味觉和嗅觉的能力都开始衰退，说明干燥的程度很严重，因此，设空处可进一步描述干燥的程度。C项“在某些情况下，它甚至比某些沙漠还要干燥。”进一步补充说明空气的干燥程度，符合语境。故选C项。38.D。根据上文“In the pressurized cabin a passenger's bodily fluids will move upwards and the nasal cavities(鼻腔)swell.The swelling messes with our taste buds,making the food taste unappealing.You might know how dining insuch conditions feel,since we've all fought colds in the past..(在压力舱中，乘客的体液会向上移动，鼻腔会肿胀。肿胀扰乱了我们的味蕾，使食物的味道变得毫无吸引力。你可能知道在这样的条件下吃饭的感觉，因为我们都曾与感冒作过斗争。)”可知，上文部分解释了舱内的压力使得味蕾、鼻腔都发生了变化。这种情况跟“我们”感冒时吃东西总感觉没有味道的情况类似。由此可知，“我们”不能根据自身情况来正确评判食物。故D项“一个病人远不是食品质量的最佳评判者。”符合语境。故选D项。39.A。设空处为小标题，可起到概括总结的作用。根据下文“Bad food can't be blamed merely on the in-cabinconditions too.It's also possible that the food is actually bad.Due to food safety standards,all meals must becooked on the ground and unbreakable.(糟糕的食物也不能仅仅归咎于机舱内的状况。也有可能食物实际上是坏的。根据食品安全标准，所有的饭菜都必须在地面上烹调，而且不易碎。)”可知，舱内生产食物的方式跟一般情况是有所不同的。故选A项。4o.G。根据下文“Apparently,chefs have been trying to adapt recipes in how food tastes at high altitudes.Everyoneneeds to be patient until better solutions for mass food production are found.(显然，厨师们一直在努力调整食谱，以适应高海拔地区食物的口味。在找到更好的大规模食品生产解决方案之前，每个人都需要耐心。)”可知，在飞机上不能使用与地面上相同的食谱，所以厨师着手改进配方。G项“基本上，我们不能使用与地面上相同的食谱来做航空餐。”符合语境。故选G项。【语篇导读】这是一篇以怀念母亲，传承母爱的记叙文。41.B。“take her last breath”表示“在她弥留之际”。42.B。“a river that ran through my parents'backyard”表示“一条流经我父母后院的小河”。43.C。“boundless energy and charm she'dhad”表示“她所拥有的无限的精力和魅力”。44.D。“being restricted to her bed”表示“被限制在病床上，缠绵病榻”。45.A。似乎她健康时所拥有的无限的精力和魅力在她困于病榻几个月后，终于附着在这只活泼的小鸟身上，回来了。46.C。“wore a funny hat'”表示“戴一顶滑稽可笑的帽子”，与前一句的“My mom was the sort of person who wantedeveryone to have a great time.”相呼应。47.D。“never took herself so seriously”表示妈妈“从来不会太把自己当▣事”。48.B。即便在毕业舞会的夜晚她不让我和朋友一起去酒店住，我因此生她气的时候。49.C。或当我不能把分数提高的时候，她对我表示失望的时候，我依然那么爱她。50.A。“bring up my grades'”表示“提高我的成绩”。51.D。她尊重我的隐私。52.A。看到我的优点，她会鼓励；对于我的缺点，她会用幽默的方式一带而过。英语试题参考答案（长郡版）第3页

一’型、拉①实验前请你预测该反应中光照度与时间图像趋势为图3中的一（填“a”或“6”或“c”)。②改进实验后，乙同学发现实验记决的图像与白已预测不相问，乙同学对该实验现象提出猜想：反应中生成的M对反应有催化作用。为验证该猫想，乙同学设计了实验6，请你在实验6基础上，补充实验操作，需要补充的实验操作为」③化学反应过快或过慢都会影响我们的生产生活，请你写出一种生活中减慢化学反应速率的方法18.（14分)废锂离子电池正极材料中含有大量镍、钴，通过分选、硫酸浸出、除杂净化等工序，可以回收钴、镍。由镍钻渣料（主要成分为Ni(OW,Ni0(OD:、Co(OD,、co0(O)、Cu0、AL0,)回收镍、钴流程如图。稀硫酸稀酸、过氧化复镍钴废渣段酸浸浸出渣二酸浸二段浸出液除段氨水调PH至电解Co2 NP浸出液42,过滤液已知：①二价镍、钻和二价杂质离子易溶于低浓度硫酸中，而三价镍、钴较难直接溶出。②AI开始沉淀H为3.6沉淀完全pH为4.2，C“开始沉淀pH为4.4沉淀完全pH为6.4(1)在一段浸出液中存在的金属阳离子为(2)氨水调pH时发生的离子方程式为」(3)在二段酸浸中过氧化氢做(氧化剂或还原剂)，Ni0(O)发生的反应化学方程式为Nio(OH)++(4)在二段酸浸过程中需要加热，温度对钴镍浸出率的影响如右图所示。该反应的最佳反应温度为」温度过高或过低会对该反应造成什么影响？(⑤)①一种钴的氧化物的晶胞结构如图所示，该氧化物中钴离子的价电子轨道表示式为②该氧化物中氧离子的配位数是⊙0③设N为阿伏伽德罗常数的值，晶胞密度为dg/cm,该品体中距离最近的两个钴原子之间的距离为pm。高：四校联考化学学科试题第7页共10项页

Self Check词汇串烧1.hate2.stress3.help out4.fair5.provides6.folding the clothes7.sweeping the floor8.take care of/look after9.depend on10.develop基础训练I.1.what2.than3.are4.For5.their6.with7 if8.as9.to10.afterⅡ.l.waste2.themselves 3.faster4.(to)develop5.foldingg6.habits7.mess8.feel9.helping10.important第4版阅读理解1-5 BCABD写作空间遣词造句1.make one's bed2.打扫房间3.满足；满意4.not only...but also...5.独立6.by myself7.hate doing8.It's necessary;to share9.do their part in10.how to take自我展示One possible version:Dear Phil.Ido the housework almost every day.I makemy bed,clean up the room,clear the table andfold the clothes.I like to help my mother cookmeals on the weekend.I have a strong feelingof satisfaction when I cook a dish by myselfBut I hate doing the dishes and washingclothes.They're so boring.It's necessary forteenagers to share the housework at home.Everyone should do their part in keeping thehouse clean and tidy.Doing houseworknotonly teaches me how to take care of myself butalso helps me develop my independence.Don'tyou think so?Yours。Li Hua9

contribute to it by adding o he维Smy ult that when Le心ihnhst the book、he shrugged(管信)Sorry.I can'1ndiL,”she said.“soml来20.right?Whatthe big deal?”I felt the need to make her feel responsible for the book.She agreed to help me-clean the chickencoop宠子n trade for my paving the library fine.I thought this idea was very clever beeause cleani画the coop is some work I had been avoiding for months.It was summertime and dust floated in the air.But一y,my业chicken pp(铲移装)was the most funon a Satrdayh of te mio that pnismentpdintroduce.In fact,she looked as if she might lose another on purpose in order to clean the coop again.Istood,somewhat dumbfounded,watching her.It took me a while to realize what had happened,why my punishment had failed so completely andwhy I didn't care.The tet is hI had Leeny help me cla the chiknhieken thLn le teVic initwhile my husband paid bills.Only Leeny and I were outside.She had me all to herself for the first timeceVickiwasoha ening ll the atention for once.I donw what hedbt I fon hair bo theok Weand spent quality time together:mother,daughter,and chicken poop.24.How does Leeny find reading?A.It is very challenging.C.It is full of enjoyment.B.It is better to be done in a library25.The underlined word "it"in Paragraph I refer to the fact thatD.It costs a large fortune.A.the author's daughters owned too many booksB.the author's daughter often lost library bookC.the author could never have enough books to readD.the author didn't own many books26.How did the author feel after-she saw Leeny's cleaning work?A.Ashamed.27.B.Astonished.What's the best title for the passage?C.EmbarrassedD.Upset.A.What I owe to Leeny:more attentionB.My daughter drove me crazy,but I felt gratefulC.Surprise:my daughter loves cleaning chicken coopsD.My punishment failed,but I didn't careCovered in lush fur,the thickest in the animal kingdom,sea otters (can live their entire livesin the ocean,feeding heavily upon seafloor animals such as shellfish.(蛤)，which bury themselves in meadows of eelgrass(大叶：藻场)，a wide-ranging plant species growingThey are often seen to eat clamsin water.Eelgrass meadows where sea-otters dig fer clams become partly bare,which is commonly aconcern for ecologists.As it turns out,the meadows with otters are healthier,with more eelgrass,according to a new studypublished in Science.That's because by gently disturbing the seabed,the otters make the plants flowerand produce seeds.What's more,their digging provides more space and sunlight for seeds to settle andgrow.The enhanced genetic diversity caused by sea otters could make eelgrass more adaptable to presentand future threats.The finding is a powerful example of how animals such as otters influence their ecosystems beyondpredation ()often in unseen and little-known ways,says study leader Erin Foster,a researchassociate at the Hakai Institute.It also means sea otters,an endangered species,are vital to theirenvironments and give eelgrass,which is in danger worldwide,a better chance at staying healthy andsurviving.Seagrass habitats are also important for many fish,providing food for animals,absorbing,and【2023高考名校导航冲刺金卷·英语（一）第4页（共8页）】

2022-2023学年下学期高一课标综合(0T)(新教材)35-38期参考答案及解析必修三UNT2综合评估参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 CAABA6-10 ABBCA11-15 CABBA16-20 CBCBC21-25 BCACD26-30 DCCDD31-35 BCBBA36-40 AEDGF41-45 CBDAD46-50 ABDCB51-55 ACDAC56.whose57.decision58.her59.ideas60.the61.to tell62.of63.testing64.absolutely65.is recorded写作第一节One possible version:Shopping is an important part of our life no matter in-store or online.However,it is quitecommon that the rights and interests of customers are sometimes harmed.Customers may buygoods that are of poor quality or are different from what is described.When such things happen,customers must protect their rights.As a student customer,you cantell a trusted adult such as your parents or teacher,and try to communicate with the shop.Oryou can call 12315,reporting such behaviors and asking for help.第二节One possible version:On Mia's 8th birthday,Bailey took her to the American Girl store and a bald doll on display caughtthe pair's attention.Then,Bailey and Mia walked through the store and saw another doll with nohair inside a glass display.Looking at dolls representing girls like her daughter touched Bailey,andshe couldn't keep her tears back inside the store.Before leaving,Bailey approached a manager tothank the staff for putting bald dolls on display.She told him how happy Mia felt after knowingthey gave equal importance to dolls that looked like her.Since Bailey thought sharing her feelings with the manager wasn't enough,she penned aheartfelt note and posted it on American Girl's Facebook page.Bailey believed bald dolls in toystores could spark meaningful conversations between children and parents and give parents achance to educate their kids about alopecia.Such conversations would normalize children havingno hair,and she wouldn't have to see people look at Mia in surprise whenever the little girl wentout in public without covering her head with a wig or a hat.Bailey said:"We are different.Toysshould be different too."部分解析阅读第一节A篇主题语境：人与社会一一历史、社会与文化本文是应用文。文章介绍了美国的四个热气球节。

全国100所名校最新高考横拟示范卷公2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟测试参考答案【阅读A】本文介绍了4个世界著名的艺术展览馆。21.C【命题意图】本题考查考生的推理判断能力。【解题分析】根据第1句及各部分内容可知，本文介绍了4个世界著名的艺术展览馆。由此推知，本文很可能摘自旅行手册。22.C【命题意图】本题考查考生的细节理解能力：【解题分析】根据Gagosian Gallery介绍中“It showcases works by Jean-Michel Basquiat andother new contemporary artists..”可知答案。23.D【命题意图】本题考查考生的细节理解能力。【解题分析】根据Thaddaeus Ropac Gallery介绍中最后一句可知，该艺术展览馆的创立者还担任许多机构的顾问。【阅读B】本文主要介绍Adam Birce修复弦乐器的故事。24.D【命题】本题考查考生的推理判断能力【解题分析】根据第3段第1、2、3句可推断，作者认为乐器修复不是一项自学的技能，它需要向专家学。因此它是一项专业技能。25.B【命题意图】本题考查考生的推理判断能力。【解题分析】根据第4段内容可推断，修复一把小提琴需要耗费的时间与它自身的状况和客户的需求有关。26.C【命题意图】本题考查考生的词义推测能力。【解题分析】根据画线词的上文I had to use every skill in my toolbox to fix it可推出，onerous意为“繁重的；艰巨的”。27.B【命题意图】本题考查考生的推理判断能力。【解题分析】根据最后一段Birce说的话可知，该段旨在介绍他对该项工作的感想。【阅读C】研究表明，缺乏睡眠可能不仅对我们自己有害，而且会影响我们对他人的友好度。28.B【命题意图】本题考查考生的推理判断能力。。英语卷参考答案（九）第1页（共6页）【23·(新高考)ZX·MNW·英语·G DONG】

高三化学考试参考答案1.B【解析】本题主要考查高分子化合物，侧重考查学生对基础知识的认知能力。大理石、玉石均为无机物，B项符合题意。2.D【解析】本题主要考查化学用语，侧重考查学生对基础知识的理解能力。基态O原子的轨2s2p道表示式村园D项错误3.A【解析】本题主要考查常见化学物质的性质与用途之间的关系，侧重考查学生对基础知识的认知能力和简单应用能力。F(OH)3胶体具有吸附性，可促进水中悬浮颗粒物的沉降，但不可用于自来水的杀菌消毒，B项不符合题意；醋酸具有酸性，能和一些污垢反应，可用作除垢剂，C项不符合题意；硅酸钠溶液具有良好的黏结性，常用作黏合剂，与耐热性无关，D项不符合题意。4.A【解析】本题主要考查与氧化还原有关的化学变化，侧重考查学生对基础知识的认知能力和简单应用能力。能够吸收氧气防止食品变质，该过程涉及氧化还原反应，A项符合题意。5.A【解析】本题主要考查离子键的相关知识，侧重考查学生分析和解决问题的能力。金属元素的电负性：Li0,室温条件下该过程为自发过程，根据△H一T△S<0,测△S>0,体系混乱度增加，A项错误；硫酸工业中涉及的反应都是放热反应，升高温度会加快反应速率，但温度升高会使涉及的可逆反应向逆反应方向移动，B项错误；温度低，催化剂的活性低，反应速率慢，产量低，所以不利于提高经济效益，D项错误。9.D【解析】本题主要考查化学物质的性质、结构等相关知识，侧重考查学生对基础知识的认知能力和简单应用能力。C2H4为非极性分子，A项错误；H2O的VSEPR模型为四面体形，B项错误；Pt(NH3)2Cl2分子中含有I0个o键，C项错误。10.C【解析】本题主要考查基础实验，侧重考查学生对实验装置的应用和分析能力。乙醇与水互溶，不能通过分液分离，A项不符合题意；铜和浓硫酸反应需要加热，B项不符合题意；在铁上镀铜，镀层金属铜作阳极，镀件铁作阴极，故铁作阴极连接电源负极，D项不符合【高三化学·参考答案第1页（共5页）】·GS·

2023一2024一1.月考1化学参考答案一、选择题（共16小题，每小题2.5分，共计40分，每小题只有一项是符合题目要求的）题号12378910答案CA.BCDAcDB题号111213141516答案B、BD二、填空题（共5道大题，.共计60分）17(每空2分)(1)关闭分液漏斗活塞和活塞K,将导气管末端插入水中，对锥形瓶微热，若导气管口有气泡产生，停止加热，导气管中进入一段水柱，且保持不变，则表明装置气密性良好(2)Cu+4HNO3(浓)，=CuN032+2NO2↑+2H2O(3)bd:(4)N2(5)MgO和Mg3N2(⑥将活塞K处的导气管插入NaOH溶液中，进行尾气吸收18.(每空2分)(1)A(2)2Mn02+Cu2S+8H=S+2Cu2++2Mm2++4H20(3)Fe3+可催化C2S被MmO2氧化(4)Cu0或Cu(OH)2加热(5)Mn2++HCO+NH3=MnCO丈+NHt或Mm2++2HCO3+2NH6=MnCO3J斗2NHt+C02319.(每空2分)(1)20(g)+C(s)C02(g)+N2(g)△H=-573.75/mol.(2分)(2)①变小②AC③逆向(3)81.4820(1)甲苯(1分)(2)浓硫酸和浓硝酸、加热(2分)取代反应（或硝化反应）(2分)(3)吸收反应产生的氯化氢，提高反应物转化率(2分)CFCF(4)+3Fe+6HCl+3FeC2+2H20(2分)人NO:H(5)13.(2分).HC0》-N(2分)21（1)3:2(2分)；(2)NH分子间存在氢键(2分)：(3)N20(2分)；(4)3s23p3d5(1分)：分子晶体(2分)(6)立方体(2分)：pN248x107(2分)

第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）walnut offers a home to wildlife and a reminder that第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分l5分）第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)60,instead of resistance,is the better way to be.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和41.A.aggressiveB.powerful括号内单词的正确形式。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。C.fastD.hardAfter winning the championship in men's singles请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言I've been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a 42.A.comfortB.mustunder 14 years old at the ASICS Tennis Junior Tour in错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词black walnut(黑胡桃树).In late September or earlyC.favourD.decision的增加、删除或修改。Guangzhou in late August,2022,Wang Fa hasOctober,falling fruits as 41 as baseballs put your43.A.carryB.keep增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下61rapid)attracted attention on the Internet.head at risk.Patio（露台)umbrellas are a42C.wearD.prepare面写出该加的词。He is known for carrying his tennis rackets in a bamboowhile I'm dining in the garden,and because of the 44.A.competitiveB.basic删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。basket,62earn)him the name of "basketamount of the fruits this season,I 43 my helmetC.conservativeD.successful修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出tennis boy".修改后的词。while working in the garden.45.A.hopesB.curiosityWang Fa is a member of the Wa ethnic group（佤注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；Also,the black walnut produces a chemicalC.directionsD.enthusiasm2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）》substance()through its roots as a 44 strategy,46.A.eventuallyB.generallyin Cangyuan Wa autonomous county,YunnanC.possiblyD.graduallyProvince,63was just lifted out of poverty in不计分。which is poisonous to several common plants.There haveLast Saturday I took part a farm work program in thebeen many new plant varieties I brought home with47.A.improveB.work2019.Over the past six years,he,along with his64fellow)at the Yunnan Wild Elephantssuburbs,which really impressed me.Before an activity,45 that the walnut would 46 accept them,butC.standD.changeour team leader told us some specific arrangements aboutthey all failed to grow well.48.A.relateB.adaptTennis Club,65 improve)his skills andit.Its theme was "Labor is the most glory".Meanwhile,C.contributeD.stickphysical strength through training that includes runningWhat does 47 are native plants that naturallyhe stressed the importance or value of working with our49.A.harmB.disaster9 kilometers and swinging his racket more than 7,000grow in the area.They are important to have aroundC.survivalD.stress已分meveyday."1fit66(be)mot for temnis,own hands.Unable to hold back my happiness,Isince they provide beneficial pollinators(传粉者)likepictured that was to come next.On the farm,we workedbirds,bees and butterflies with seeds and 48 to a50.A.burdenB.thrillI would still be helping out my family with farm work hard with the farmers,picking watermelons and carriedC.painhealthy environment.Plants native to this area areD.treasureback home,"he told China Daily.them to the truck.While I was working,I had realized51.A.HoweverB.Evengenerally easy to grow,so they experience less 49.Talking about his habit of carrying his tennis how tough it was to work in the fields in the bumingC.InsteadHave I thought of getting rid of this giant50in52.A.plantedD.Somehowequipment in a bamboo basket-a symbol of the sun.When I got home,I put down my luggages,hungryB.protectedmy backyard?Yes.51,removing this tree standingricural life of the Wa ethnic groupWang Fa sid and tired.Over dimer,I shared my experienee with myC.removedD.managedat 50 feet is next to impossible.It's also 52 underafter the match that he carried his rackets this wayparents excited.Happy and proud,they all spoke highly53.A.suitableB.practical67of me.the law.Trees are important to the urban forest and allhonor)his hometown.C.responsible第二节书面表达（满分25分）of those that live in them.Trees absorb air pollution and 54.A.live throughD.necessaryBefore tennis,Wang Fa was just an ordinary boyB.think about假设你是学校英语俱乐部成员，该俱乐部将举办keep cities cooler and more livable.They are home toC.focus onD.call forfrom a village.But in2016,he was chosen by a local主题为"How did you spend this Spring Festival?"的交many birds and insect species and are 53 for 55.A.seeB.welcomeclub to lear to play tennis.At first,his parents didn't流活动，请你用英语写一篇发言稿，届时与大家分keeping our environment balanced.C.forgetD.imagineagree at all because they could not afford it,享。内容包括：Sometimes,I 54 my life without the black 56.A.nutsB.worries68the tennis club offered to teach him free of1.你是怎样过这个春节的：walnut.I can't 55 a spring without the birds whocharge.Zhang Xiaohong,Wang Fa's head coach,2.你的感受或收获是什么。C.treesD.nightsarrive every year and sing loudly before dawn.I miss 57.A.producesB.valuesfounded the club in2014,selecting around20 talented注意：l.词数100左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入，总falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look upC.holdsD.undertakeslocal children and training them 69free."I词数；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。into its leaves before the 56 threaten to fall.58.A.unbearableB.unbelievablewant to take children to the outside world throughHello,everyone!I'm honored to share with you howEvery spring,I wonder what the season 57C.uncomfortableD.unconscioustennis,"Zhang said.I spent this Spring FestivalWhat are the chances of being knocked 58 while 59.A.requiresB.savesFor Wang Fa,winning the ASICS Tennis JuniorI'm barbecuing?Like any good relationship,I'll never beC.choosesD.createsTour title is just the beginning of a promising future."Ipleased.I'm stuck with this tree,so I'll listen to its 60.A.patienceB.acceptancewill head to the top spot on the 70needs and give it the space it 59.In return,myC.preferenceD.toleranceprofession)stage,he said.Thanks for listening！14英语

综合能力评估试题(10)参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 CABAB6-10 BACBA

中考仿真冲刺（九）听力原文及参考答案听力原文第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A,B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话读两遍。1.M:What animals do you like best,Anna?W:Koalns.They ae kind of interestingAnd they likesleeping verymuch.M:I like lions,They are'strong2.M:Whose dictionary is on the desk?Is it yoursW:No,Michnel.It's Tara's.LooklHer name is on it.3.M:What are you busy doing now?W:ImymkingiWhy not spend the festival withus?4.W:How much is the apple?M:Eight yuan a kilo,and 14 yuantwo kilos.W:Four kilos,please5.W:Hi,Tom o yo have any plansfor your summer holidays?M:Yes.I'm going to visit my unclein Beijing.What about you?W:I'll go to a language camp inLondon with my classmates.第二节听下面几段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题从中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。,听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题M:Did you have a good time inChina,Nancy?W:Sure,Steve.I have been to manyplaces,such as Beijing,Luoyang,Xi'an and Dunhuang.M:How did you go there?W:I flew to Beijng first.And then Itook the train to other places.M:When did you go to China?w.I went there on August 5 and cameback on August 15.M:You really had a great time.W:That's true.听下面段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题W:Hello,Bill.Did you go to the partylast saturdav?M:Yes,it was very meaningfulW:What did you'do there?M:Dave and Tory sang English songsMolly and Gina danced and Lilyand I sold some old books.Weraised about 200 yuan.W:How will you dea wth the moey?M:First,we wanted to buy new booksor clothes for poor children,butfinally we decided to give it awayin dangerW:Sounds great.I want to join younext time.M:OK.We will have more activitieslike this.听下面一段独白，回答第10至第12三个小题：Today 1 want to share somezing ideas for our school trip nextmonth with you.The new holidayThe firstGreat Wall of CThe trip is 450poundsBu if walking is ot your thinghowabougongohe Panda RescCentre?You can have a cooking classthere and lear o makenanda riceballs.50pounds9if you are madabout chocolatethen theMexicTsIts only 140 pounds.听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题M:Morning,Helen.We plan to havea suprise party for Miss Brown.loveo.Whywill wehave the party?M:ecaeroJapan to teach English.We wantto hank her.W:What?(下转A1、A4版中缝)

systems and forced Argentines to seek cooler air in the shade.Hundreds of thousands of people in the capital BuenosAires were without electricity after power systems failed."I came home and we were without electricity and the house wasa boiler,"said 42-year-old Jose Casabal,an electrician."I took my children off to their grandmother's house to swim inthe pool,"he said."Even early morning it was very hot,around 31 degrees Celsius,"said Gustavo Barrios,who is 34."I do not have air conditioning at home and we were with just the fan blowing hot air.It's unbearable.Local leaders warned residents to stay out of the sun in the hottest part of the day and drink plenty of water."Wehave to be very careful these days,"said Buenos Aires city mayor Horacio Rodriguez Larreta.Weather expert LucasBerengua said the heat wave could set records in the country."This is a heat wave of extraordinary characteristics,hesaid.（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)1-5 CCABB 6-10 CBAAC 11-15 BCACB 16-20 ACACA(共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分)21-25 ABDDC 26-30 ABACD 31-35 CBCAD 36-40 CGADE(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)41-45 CADBC 46-50 DABCA 51-55 DBCAD(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)56.to assist57.and58.announced59.that/which60.prevention61.to62.Currently63.be delivered64.agreements65.devoting写作第一节（满分15分）One possible version:To make students who love Chinese traditional culture have a deeper understanding of the 24 solar terms,our schoolorganized a lecture given by an experienced expert last week.To be honest,most students are lacking in specific knowledge of the 24 solar terms.The lecturer explained theorigins of each term and what they stand for to the full length,winning tons of applause from the students present.What is most practical for me is the way each term is expressed in English,which is what I need badly.I am sure itwill serve me well in my study.评分原则1.本题总分为15分，按5个档次给分。2.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量，确定或调整档次，最后给分。3.词数少于60和多于100的，从总分中减去2分。4.评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性、上下文的连贯性及语言的得体性。5.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。6.如书写较差，以至影响交际，将分数降低一个档次。7.内容要点可用不同方式表达，对紧扣主题的适当发挥不予扣分。【各档次的给分范围和要求】第五档：(13一15分)1.完全完成了试题规定的任务。2.覆盖所有内容要点。—3

C6/C.The living situation of the retirees.C.Because of many kinds of disturbancesD.What 1 in 6 retirees is considering..Because of t m measrnqupme7.In which section of a newspaper can we find the text?What is tag data used to do?A.Society.B.Economy.C.Literature.D.Travel.0..Le about the way dolphins huntCB.Know thenumbr of species of dophinsJust likeasmartwatch can tell its wearers how many calories they need during exerisC.Make sure what kind of fish dophnsdata from dolphin wearablesbe used to estimate how much energy dolphinsuseheD.Figure ou dolphin's probableof eretithey swim.What is the best title for the text?University of Michigannnrs together with scientists at Dolphin Quest ahu,haveA.A New Device Made by Alex Shorterled the development of wearable sensors ()for marine animals to monitor movementB.A Smartwatch Designed for Marine Scientistsand behavior in order to improve marine preservation efforts for these animals.C.New Activity Trackers for Dolphin ConservationDolphins and other sea creaturesare affected by human disturbances (in their habiD.A University Working with an Instrument Companytat,including climate change,verfishing,noise pollution from shipping,construction,oilDexploration and other activities.These types of disturbances can interrupt important animalIf there was any doubt about whether the world has entered a new space race,the compe-behavior like hunting for fish and socializing,but measuring the disturbance is difficult be-tition of lunar-bound launch this month could be the smoking gun.After NASAaneeled wocause the animals live under water.launch attempts in late August and early September-followed by delays()caused byDevices very similar to fitness trackers used by humans,known as biologging tags,areHurricane Ian and Tropical Storm Nicolethe US space agency tried again to send up its firstused in biology research,but estimating the energetic cost of swimming has been challengingArtemis mission.Now,with the biologging tags made together with an instrument company,Michigan engi-That period fits in with that of another mission less-known in the United States.A Japa-neers are able to measure animal movement during thousands of strokes (as they swim.nese commercial company focusing on building moon landers launched on a SpaceX Falcon9According to Alex Shorter,U-M assistant professor of mechanical engineering,their goalrocket on Dec.11,2022 in the US.is to use tag data to estimate how many fish are eaten by dolphins during a day,and connect"We recognize that a launch of NASA's is scheduled during the same timeframe,and wethat to estimates of how much energy dolphins use during the movement required to catchbelieve this sends the message that a new age is opening for the cislunar economy(地月经t济)those fish.That is important for preservation because they can then use their approach to esti-with these two historic missions-one government and one commercial,"the company said in amate energetic costs when these animals are disturbed.In their new work,the researchers were able to develop estimates of energetic cost fromNASA happens to be one of the company's customers,hoping to receive moon duststatement.感tag data by working with their human and animal collaborators at Dolphin Quest Oahu.In thissamples from the private lander's trip.However,the plan failed on Apr.26,2023.If theunique environment,the researchers were able to conduct repeatable swimming trials over aTokyo-based company had succeeded,it would have been the first to land a Japanese space-range of speeds from multiple animals to generate the data needed to estimate how much ener-craft on the moon.What's more,it could have been the first successful private delivery ofgy the animals were using as they swam.Marine animal specialists trained the dolphins tocargo to the lunar surface ever.wear the tracker during lap trials and periods of free swimming.Brad Jolliff,director of the MeDonnell Center for the Space Sciences at Washington28.What is the final goal of developing wearable sensors for marine animals?University in St.Louis,believes the next five years will be full of commercial missions toA.To record the number of them.perform landings,deliver more goods to the moon,and promote science experiments.InB.To promote the protection for them.Brad's opinion,the new age of lunar exploration and travel won't be done entirely by NASA.C.To keep track of the lifestyle of them.It will be done with international partners and with commercial partners.D.To monitor their movement and behavior.What made NASA put offitsaunch phird time?29.Why is it hard to measure the disturbance of dolphins?A.Natural disasters.A.Because of their habitat.B.A lack of preparation.·23-5231·B.Because of their strange behaviors.【高一英语第6页（共10页）】【高-英语第5页（共10页）】·23-523A·

3.A。细节理解题。根据最后一段Although the open design phase helped revealseveral different practices Affective Health could be used for,it lacked some of thefunctions needed to make it a good toolfor a specific role可知，在某些方面，Affective Health是需要改进的。4.D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种可以解释来自皮肤的生物数据的技术。A3版同步课堂（一）Part 1I.1.accelerate 2.grazing3.implementing4.depleted5.inevitable6.emitting7.hydroelectric8.optimize9.inexhaustible10.fossilΠ.1.p2.to3.in4.In/By 5.withoutIII.1.alternatives to 2.replace them with snacks3.pose a serious threat to4.open the door to 5.tend to6.meet consumers'demands7.Everywhere/Wherever he goes8.compared withPart 2I.1.edible 2.degrade3.landfills 4.decomposition 5.ingestⅡ.1.p2.to3.into4.to 5.forIII.1.from all sectors of society2.Once harvested 3.It is estimated that4.It appears that5.This wayV.1.c2.E3.A

王0P所名局等模队金典卷第Ⅱ卷(必考题43分十选考题15分，共58分)二、（本题包括3小题，共43分【必考题】空及(26,14分)对甲氧基苯丙酰胺〈相对分子质量为179)为难溶于冷水的白色晶体，是一种医药中同体，可以由苯甲醚通过两步反应合成，合成路线如图所示。女西本美年也肉主H铁版天传)0的，(H2C-CH-CNHCl(aq)以为基施风加益总额因荣集位提有皆客大味A9好韩在宝账作夫，海有猪。奇候，品疑桥前干者款：老娇·持量世，中C,CHCN人铃赞鲜东CH.CH.CONH孝领，断猎族再.薄苯甲醚0③①③对甲氧基苯丙腈修靠华：对甲氧基苯丙酰胺缝角语業集饮真已知无水三氯化铝遇水会发生剧烈水解并放热。精车m上生取，月南步骤一：合成对甲氧基苯丙腈。o018388传律两增泳源丙朱地。如图所示，向500mL三颈烧瓶中加人108gm6苯甲壁，室温下缓慢雕加人70g药0.62m0)粉末状二氯化铝，加入过程中温度不超过25C,加完后降温至5℃，然后逐滴加入130g(约2.45mol)丙烯腈（沸点为77℃)，滴加结束后再升温至90~95℃，反应2h。将反应液倒人500g冰水中，搅匀，静置分层，分离出油相。减压蒸馏，收集2.67kP下150四10C的馏酚，得到对斯按嘴丹甲氧基苯丙腈。常指，款的步骤二合成对甲氧基苯丙酰胺。将步骤一中合成的对甲氧基苯丙腈加大50mL三颈烧瓶中，加入300mL浓盐酸，再经过一系列操作后得到133,7g对甲氧基苯丙酰胺。天0A。A含要全3勤宽舞舍，特黄(①)对甲氧基苯丙腈的合成过程中宜采用的加热方式为年不自，刺雕比0一(2)图中合成对甲氧基苯丙腈的装置有一缺陷，请提出改进方法并说明理由：城都的艰采西征率郊局的联高比，中降封(3)用恒压滴液漏斗加丙烯腈的优点有(写出两条)。县生骨太午离(4)下列操作为合成对甲氧基苯丙酰胺的过程中加浓盐酸后的一系列操作，其合理顺序为。①加人活性炭回流0.5h②趁热过滤③抽滤④将滤液慢慢倒入1000g冷水中，析出晶体⑤升温至40~50℃，搅拌1h⑥洗涤、烘干是。等赏合龄海，中Ⅲ暑女©(5)下列关于实验操作的说法错误的是=,以比岸据O日·中©发撕率弹回（化）师姆寿，轴特婚物用品润效回的景中最房数的者破讯来面离补mV裤群金都0日8(2备留接泵gA,联5A.减压蒸馏采用如上图所示装置，装置中的D为毛细管，也可以用沸石代替9B.减压蒸馏过程中，可以通过控制G处的旋塞停止减压发5代①国C.在对甲氧基苯丙酰胺的合成过程中，析出的晶体可以用冷水洗涤D.减压过滤不宜用于过滤颗粒太小的沉淀，因为颗粒太小的沉淀在快速过滤时易透过滤纸(6)本实验中对甲氧基苯丙酰胺的产率为%(保留两位小数)。品居亮工@51【24·D·化学-QG】