重庆市高2023届高三第二次质量检测地理试题2022.10命审单位：重庆南开中学考生注意：1.本试卷满分100分，考试时间75分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。必须在题号所指示的答题区域作答。超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上答题无效。一、选择题：本题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分。在每小题给出的四个选项中有一项是符合题目要求的。图1为学校“橙子辅导”社团拍摄的重庆附近长江某河段的景观照片，图中河段符合干支流交汇的一般规律。据此回答13题。图11推测图1中长江干流的流向是A.由西北向东南B.由西南向东北C由东南向西北D.由东北向西南2近些年来，该河段的水位明显上升，最可能的原因是该河段的A.上游汇人支流数量增加B.下游水利工程蓄水影响C.上游降水季节变化减小D.下游植树造林涵养水源3该河段附近修建了长江大桥，在设计桥面离江面的高度时，最主要考虑的因素是A.洪峰流托B.建设成本C最低水位D通航能力P国由于地城差异可划分为西部、中部和东部三个区域。该国的海岛上栖息了数量惊人的鸟类，形成厚达几十米的鸟类层。由于鸟粪可加工成优质肥料，因此该国曾被人称为是“靠卖鸟粪致富”的国家。从2020年持续至今的拉尼娜现象对该国产生了巨大影响。图2为世界某区域示意图。据此回答46题。

(2)长期熬夜的人褪黑素水通常比正常人低，一些辅助睡眠的药物中含有褪黑素，但是褪黑素增多有可能引起季节性抑郁症，请综合上述分析，提出利用褪黑素调节睡眠的两条合理建议：哺乳动物的生殖活动与光照周期也有着密切联系。下图表示光暗信号通过视网膜一松果体途径对雄性动物生殖的调控过程。(HPG轴为下丘脑一垂体一性腺轴，褪黑素为一种氨基酸衍物)。请回答相关问题：神经中枢去甲肾上泉素HPG轴。光」受体下丘脑褪黑素(+)￥()松果体细胞聚丸(+)促进（)抑制(3)若要证明褪黑素对睾丸分泌雄激素具有促进作用，实验设计思路是：取发育状况相同的雄性成年小鼠20只，分成甲、乙两组。甲组切除松果体细胞，注射适量的褪黑素，乙组切除松果体细胞，注射等量生理盐水。在相同且适宜条件下何养一段时间，每天定时测量血液中雄激素含量。此实验过程(能/不能)得出正确的结论是，原因是(4)动物实验发现，褪黑茶能抑制肿瘤细胞从培养液中吸收胸腺嘧啶脱氧核苷酸，还能诱导细胞中凋亡基因的高效表达。由此推测，褪黑素的抗肿瘤作用机制是45.水痘是山水痘一带状疱疹病毒(VZV)引起的急性呼吸道传染病，多见于儿童，临床特征为全身出现丘疹、水疱。下图为免疫细跑参与机体免疫的机制图解，其中①表示抗原，②③表示某种化合物，④⑤⑥⑦⑧⑨代表某种细胞，其中抗原呈递细胞能够吞喷病原体。回答下列问题：抗原呈递细胞①⑤⑨6清除被病原体感染的细胞(1)呼吸道黏膜受损者更易被(VZV)感染，原因是(2)细胞④成熟的场所是(器官)。(3)VZV初次入侵机体时，细胞⑤的增殖分化需要的信号刺激是,形成的浆细胞分泌的②与抗原结合形成进而被吞噬细胞消化。(4)水痘临床诊断时，须注意与荨麻疹相区分。与水痘的发病机理不同，某些花粉引起的荨麻珍是机体免疫系统功能过强的表现。(⑤)研究发现接种水痘疫苗后，如再次接触到(VZV),症状普遍比未接种疫苗的患者轻，请从免疫调节的角度阐述原因：0高三生物o

生物类型传递给分解生物体中未被传给下一营养同化人工投放的者的能量利用的能量级的能量有机物的能量生产者445【95200植食性动物9.51.511Y5肉食性动物6.30.56.50.711A.流经该人工鱼塘的总能量为164J·cm2。aB.表中X是指用于呼吸作用散失的能量C表中Y代表的能量值为14J·cm2·aD.第二营养级和第三营养级之间的能量传递效率是15%5.在没有竞争和捕食存在的情况下，一个物种潜在的生态位空间称为基础生态位，即该物种所能栖息的理论的最大空间。一个物种实际占有的生态位空间叫做实际生态位。下列相关叙述错误的是〔)A.研究某种植物的生态位需要研究植株高度B.一个物种的基础生态位一般大于实际生态位,1C.实际生态位重叠越大的两个物种之间的竞争可能越激烈.9.1张D.根瘤菌与大豆之间的互利共生缩小了大豆的实际生态位6啤酒生产的简要流程如图所示，制麦时用赤霉素溶液浸泡大麦种子，糖化主要是将麦芽中的淀粉等有机物水解为小分子。下列说法错误的是()酵母菌种活化天麦二发芽部破碎二糖化煮沸冷却叶接种十发酵制麦糖化发酵包装←过滤·A.在整个发酵过程中，要始终保持严格的无菌、厌氧环境B.用赤霉素溶液浸泡大麦种子可促进α一淀粉酶的合成，以利于淀粉的水解C.在接种酵母菌前进行冷却处理，是为了避免高温杀死酵母菌种D.发酵过程中要适时往外排气，发酵后期可以延长排气时间间隔7.大肠杆菌经溶菌酶和洗涤剂处理后，拟核DNA就会缠绕在细胞壁碎片上，静置一段时间，质粒分布在上清液中，利用上述原理可初步获得质粒DNA。用三种限制酶处理提取的产物，电泳结果如图所示。下列关于质粒的粗提取和鉴定的叙述不正确的是（，)1限制酶I2限制酶Ⅱ3限制酶Ⅲ25高二生物试题第2页（共8页）餐扫描全能王创建

B.一段时间后，若各组调整温度到80℃，则酶的活性相同对SOD活性抑制作用最显著。C.第3、7组条件下，酶的活性相同，酶的空间结构相同12.(13分)氮元素是构成生物体的最基本元素之一。农业生产中，硝态氮(NO)是增加农作物D,实验前应将淀粉和淀粉酶分别在相应温度下保温后再泥合产量的重要因素。植物可以感受到不同浓度的硝态氮，从而调控自身的代谢和生长反应。下9.酶是具有生物催化功能的生物大分子，即生物催化剂。它能够加快生化反应的速度，但是其活图表示植物叶肉细胞将硝酸盐转化为蛋白质与核酸的过程。请据图回答下列问题：性受外界因素的影响。下列有关酶的实验的叙述，正确的是叶肉细胆A.可通过加入蛋白酶或双缩脲试剂后水浴加热来验证淀粉酶的化学本质谷氨酸B.用蔗糖和淀粉验证淀粉确的专一性实验中，不可用碘液检测实验结果C,用斐林试剂检测某糖样品，若出现砖红色沉淀，则说明：糖是还原树NO叶绿体D.可探究温度对过氧化氢酶活性的影响、pH对淀粉酶活性的彤响10.ATP合酶是一种功能复杂的蛋白质，与生物膜结合后能催化A@罗(1)NO,进人叶肉细胞需要的协助：除此之外，NO,的这种运输方式还具有以ATP的合成，其作用机理如图所示。下列分析正确的是A.不同细胞中与ATP合酶结合的生物膜的种类相同下两个特点：,图中①过程ATPB图中合成ATP所需要的能量直接来自细胞呼吸释放的化(2)叶肉细胞中产生ATP的场所有的来源是,①过程需要加人的元素是学能C,ATP合酶发挥作用依赖于细胞代谢释放能量维持膜两侧H(3)若图中的蛋白质为分泌蛋白，请用箭头和文字表述③过程经过的细胞结构：从分子水简述真核细胞中③过程效率及准确率很高浓度差D,ATP合酶既可转运H又可催化ATP合成，说明其不具有的原因，专一性13.(14分)酶与底物之间向的结合是以酶对底物的化学结构的识别为前提的。下图表示两种抑制8910剂形响酶活性的模型：模型A表示抑制剂与底物竞争酶的活性部位，并表现为可逆，但该结合题序123456不改变酶的空间结构：模型B表示抑制剂与底物没有竞争关系，而是结合到酶的其他部位，导答案致酶的空间结构发生不可逆变化。请回答下列问题：第Ⅱ卷（非选择题共40分）二、非选择题（本大题共3小题，共40分。）11.(13分)超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)能衡机体代谢过程中产生的过多自由基，诚轻或消除自由基为模型机体的危害。为研究pH和金属离子对SOD活性的形响，科研人员进行了如下实验。实验1：分别将SOD酶液置于如图1所示的pH梯度下，充分混匀后静置2h,测定SOD活性。实验2：向(1)醇具有催化作用是因为酶可以降低反应物从常态转变为所需要的能量。上述酶液中分别加人CuSO,ZnSO,、FeSO,和MnSO,溶液，并使酶液置于如图2所示的金属离子浓两种抑制剂模型中抑制酶活性的原理与高温降低酶活性原理相似的是(2)根据题干信息，请写出简便的实验思路探究某种酶的抑制剂的类型，并预测实验结果。度梯度下，充分泥匀后静置1h,测定SOD活性。请回答下列问题：3001003)底物浓度和酶活性抑制剂都能影响酶促反应的速率，尝试描述二者的不同：。除底物浓2456700.010.030.050.10.30310度和酶活性抑制剂外，影响酶促反应的因素还有(答出2点即可)。图1不同p下sOD香性(1)醇活性是指上述实验1、2的自变量分别是(2)根据图1可知，SOD的最适pH约为为了进一步探究SOD的最适pH,请写出实验的基本思路：(3)实验2中无关变量有答出2点即可)。实验结果表明，【24·G37C·生物（五）-R-必考-SX】,10

(1)氨基、碳氯键（或氯原子)(1分)(2(1分)(3)BC(2分)4)+a(2分)(5)CH,C CH.Cl NaCNH2>CH.(CH,NH,)KOH/C H,OHCNCH,CN2催化剂CS,光HN(3分)-NCINON=NCIHOOHHO/N\CIN-NCI(写出3种合理答案即可，3分)答案解析1.答案：B解析：A.A1(OH4中四个羟基与A13+间存在配位键，形成配合物。B.不是配合物。C.AgNH)2+中两个NH3分子与Ag*形成配位键，是配合物D.CuSO45H2O以Cu(H2O)4SO4H2O形式存在，四个水分子与铜离子以配位键结合，形成配合物。2.答案：C解析：A.CIO2是非金属氧化物，属于非电解质。B.CIO2中氯原子为+4价，易得电子，具有强氧化性。C.CIO2为V形分子，故错误。D.氧原子电负性大于氯，正确。3.[解析]A乙醚的结构简式：C2H5OC2H5,B中排布非基态，C正确，D中KCI为离子化合物，有电子的得失箭头及后面要写成离子形式电子式。4.[解析B中硅不用于制光纤，制光纤为二氧化硅，其余正确。5.[解析]A中电解饱和食盐水得到NaOH和Cl2,B不水解，正确。C中炼铁用CO与铁的氧化物，D常温不可以，需要加热。6.答案：C解析：A.该反应中，产物Fe3O4中有一个铁为+2价，故氧化剂AuSˉ与还原剂Fe2+物质的量之比为1：l,A错误；B.无标准状况的条件，故无法计算。C.被还原的19.7gAu为0.1mol,则对应产生的Fe3O4为0.05mol,正确。D.F2+在反应中失电子，发生氧化反应，原电池反应中正极为得电子发生还原反应的一极，故D错误。7.答案：D解析：A.此反应中，氧化剂和还原剂得失电子不守恒，故错误，正确的写法为：3Ba2++2NO3ˉ+3SO2+2H2O=3BaS04 1+2NO +4H+

20222128高分说第三节语法选择【语篇解读】本文主要讲述一对中国夫妇在非洲开中医诊所，推广中医的故事。11.B考查代词。形容词性物主代词指事物的拥有者，属于限定词，放在名词前面起修饰限定的作用，ts为形容词性物主代词，此处修饰该空后的“name”。七年级第35期第2-4版高分说2.C考查冠词。前文已经多次提及“clinic”,此处再次提及，故使用定冠词the。13.A考查动词-ing形式。本句主语部分不完整，动词-ng形式可作句子主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。七年级第35期第24版6

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。AAre you ready to become an international UN volunteer?You can contribute your time,skills and knowledge through volunteering with the UN.This is anopportunity to create a positive impact and be a significant force for achieving peace and development.Make a difference to the lives of many!Why Volunteer with UN?They promote peace and development in communities around the globe,while upholding the ideas andaspirations of the United Nations;They represent many cultures and backgrounds,bringing a wide variety of perspectives andapproaches;Your assignment can create a ripple effect that extends far beyond the immediate results of yourefforts;You will learn about different cultures,expand your networks,study foreign languages and gainmatchless professional and life experiences.Requirements*25 years old and older (no upper age limit);university degree or higher technical diploma;At least two years of relevant work experience in a professional background;Ability to work in a multicultural environment;willingness to work with people and localorganizations;Ability to adjust in hard living conditions or remote locations;strong interpersonal and organizationalskills...Conditions of serviceAssignments generally run for 6 to 12 months with the possibility of extending for one to two years;Short-term assignments are also requested from time to time;Allowances are in no way to be understood as a compensation,reward or salary in exchange for thevolunteer work.21.What can we benefit from being an International UV Volunteer?A.It is convenient for us to go abroad.B.We can promote local tourism rapidly.C.It is a good way to practise Chinese well.D.We can help achieve peace and development.22.What is the age range if you want to serve as an International UN Volunteer?A.Younger than 18.B.From18-25.C.At least 25.D.From 25-6023.What can we learn about International UN Volunteers from the passage?A.They are given salaries or reward annually.B.They are required to have related work experience.C.They are asked to work for at least one year abroad.D.They are arranged to work in isolated areas only.宣城市高三英语试卷第3页（共10页）

daily,but it shows no immediate physical response and doesn't appear to grow.The farmer continuesto water and feed the seed in year one,year two,and year three.No growth is seen until the fourth year,when the seed finally breaks through the ground.Then,in the space of just five weeks,it grows ninetyfeet tall.The Chinese bamboo grows to its full capacity within 5 years.Despite not seeing an immediate result,the farmer had trust in what he was doing.He continuedto water and feed the plant for four years,because he believed that if he played his own role and did allthat a farmer was supposed to do,then he would be given his reward at the right time.That trust andpatience is what kept the farmer persistently feeding his seed for four years before enjoying the rewardin the end.Life is not always straightforward.Most often,it's not a matter of 5+5=10(Sum 1).Life can be more like2+1+2+0+0+0+1+2+0+0+1+1=10(Sum2).Both sums lead to the same result,but through quite different paths and processes.To be mature isto accept that things might look rough right now but the story can still have a great ending.We might live in a microwave generation where everything seems to happen instantly;but manythings still obey the laws of nature.Just doing what you are supposed to be doing,having patience likethe Chinese bamboo farmer,and trusting that things will work out for you can help you get through thetoughest times.40.What happened to the author in the final year of college?41.How does the Chinese bamboo grow in the fourth year?42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.To overcome difficulties,we need to trust that things will work out and simply wait patiently forthe great ending to come.43.Which is your life more like,Sum 1 or Sum 2?Explain why.(about 40 words)第二节（20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。近期你校将在海淀公园举行“阳光长跑”活动，请你给国际部好友Jim写封电子邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括：1.活动信息；2.注意事项。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Jim,Yours,Li Hua(请务必将作文写在答题纸指定区域内)高三年级（英语）第8页（共8页)

关。分析各选项可知，A项中的data是原文的原词复that was long45.和“So this is something we've第二节65.development【解题思路】考查词性转换。由空前现，且A项起到了承上启下的作用，故为正确选项。been doing for a long time.”可知，这是一项很早之前就体裁：新闻报道。主题：人与社会一室内乐音乐会的the与空后的of可知，空处要填所给词的名词形式，40.F【解题思路】考查段中句。空处上文提到，如果机确立了的传统，故可推出Jef教练总是让孩子们做这【语篇导读】一场室内乐音乐会在林肯中心举行。这项活故填development。器变得超级智能并且不受人类控制，将会对人类社会件事。所以D项符合语境。动旨在向全世界介绍中国传统和当代的表演艺术。第四部分写作产生威胁。下文Elon提到如何应对这一挑战，故空处47.C【解题思路】考查动词。根据首段中的shovel(铲)56.programs【解题思路】考查名词复数。分析句子结应是提到了一个挑战。分析选项可知，F项中的Tisheaps of snow可知，此处是指清扫积雪，故C项符合构可知，介词短语from Chinese folk songs,classic第一节unwanted result of AI's development指代上文提到的语境。literature and other Chinese components作定语，所以空审题指导〉risk our society's safety。故选F。48.B【解题思路】考查副词。根据下文的I learned it处应填名词的复数形式，故填programs。本题要求考生写一篇英语日记，内容是关于“戏曲进词汇积累make a living谋生deal wit汕h处理，应对from Jeff可知，此处指的是这确实不是“我”的主意，故57.was performed【解题思路】考查时态、语态和主谓校园”这一主题活动的。考生在写作时应注意以下几个end up doing sth最终做某事选B。一致。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子的谓语，与主方面：49.A【解题思路】考查形容词。根据第二段中的That语the concert之间是动宾关系，且文章描述的是过去(1)应使用第三人称和第一人称进行写作：第三部分语言运用was why High School Head football coach Brian DeLallo发生的事情，故填was performed。(2)时态应以过去时为主；第一节可知，现任教练是Brian,所以此处指的是“前任教练”丛易错警示很多考生根据空后的介词by可能会误(3)写作时应包含所有要点，注意语言表达的准确性体裁：记叙文主题：人与社会一帮助老年人和有残疾Jeff。故A项符合语境。以为此处考查过去分词，而错填performed。但分析句和上下文的连贯性；的邻居清理积雪50.A【解题思路】考查名词。通读全文可知，帮助老年子成分可知，该句缺少谓语，所以不能用所给词的非(4)尽可能使用熟悉的短语和句式。【语篇导读】每当下大雪并且训练被取消时，一支来自宾夕人和有残疾的邻居清扫积雪是一项活动。故A项符谓语动词形式。【参考范文】法尼亚的高中足球队都会去社区帮助老年人和有残疾合语境。58.temporarily【解题思路】考查副词。修饰谓语动词May 28 Cloudy的邻居清扫积雪。这项活动是他们足球队的传统。51,B【解题思路】考查名词。根据上文的this is the应用副词形式，故填temporarily。In order to get the students to learn about Chinese41.D【解题思路】考查动词。分析语境可知，此处是说team's way of building a relationship with their community59.in【解题思路】考查介词。in charge为固定搭配，意opera,our school invited some folk artists to give冬季风暴正要侵袭宾夕法尼亚州的Bethel Park。故D可知，此处是指体育在“我们”的社区是重要的。故B为“负责，主管”，符合该处语境。故填in。performances in our school last Sunday.项符合语境。项符合语境。60.reserving【解题思路】考查状语从句的省略。分析All the students and many teachers from our school42.A【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文的Monday's52.C【解题思路】考查动词短语。根据上下文语境可句子结构可知，while引导的是省略形式的状语从句，watched the performances given by the artists,who areweight lifting workout has been canceled可知，此处是指知，“我们”通过帮助清扫积雪与社区建立联系，所以reserve与其逻辑主语our two countries之间是主谓关Chinese opera lovers.They played some well-known取消他们球队的举重训练。A项为原文的原词复现此处是指，这是一种走出去与他们联系起来的方式系，故填所给词的现在分词形式reserving。characters like Yang Zirong,Sister Jiang and so on.The故为正确选项。故选C。61.faced【解题思路】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构plays were so interesting that all the audience were43.B【解题思路】考查介词短语。分析本句语境可知，53.B【解题思路】考查形容词。根据第四段中的“We可知，face与challenges之间是动宾关系，所以此处应enthusiastic about them.前后句之间是因果关系，即由于预期的恶劣的天气，get great crowds and support..”可知，此处是指邻居们对用过去分词作后置定语，故填faced。I was deeply impressed by the performances and felt举重训练被取消，故B项符合语境。足球队和他们开展的活动十分支持。故B项符合62.the【解题思路】考查定冠词。序数词second前应用proud of our Chinese operas..I wish we would keep Chinese44.A【解题思路】考查动词。根据下文中的“he had the语境。定冠词，故填the。opera alive in the future.kids..the snow for free.”可知，此处是指免费清理积54.B【解题思路】考查动词。根据全文内容可知，该足63.which【解题思路】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可亮点评析》雪，即不收取任何费用。故A项符合语境。球队的行为是一种乐于助人的行为。故此处应选知，空处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词本篇范文为三段式结构。范文包含所有要点，层次45.B【解题思路】考查动词。结合本句语境及下文中的helping,.表示“在挑战重重的时候，看到一个社区的人“Image China”指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故填清晰，语言表达准确。范文第一段开门见山，直奔主题，started the tradition more than20 years ago可知，此处是互相帮助和支持是很棒的”。关系代词which。点明了“戏曲进校园”活动的目的。范文中，作者使用了指这种回馈社区的项目是一项确立了很久的传统。55.C【解题思路】考查形容词。通读文章可知，该足球64.has presented【解题思路】考查时态和主谓一致。许多常用短语，如in order to,learn about,give故B项符合语境。队的运动员帮助有残疾的邻居和老年人清扫积雪而由时间状语Since2012可知，该句应用现在完成时，主performances,be enthusiastic about,be deeply impressed by,46.D【解题思路】考查副词。根据本段中的a tradition不求回报，这是一种无私的行为。故C项符合语境。语是“Image China”,故填has presented。feel proud of,keep..alive等，这显示了作者扎实的语言基D25卷（四）·英语D26卷（四）·英语

(本版参考答案见下期第4版第8期参考答系第1版5.at least6.are ready to5.everyone第4版特别关注7.As long as8.quite a fewⅡ.L.Everyone,:likes短文填空1-2DB9.is similar to10.is up to2.Nothing serious1.friends2.happened故事•传承句子归纳3.Is everything4.something to eat3.Though/Although4.shared1.reading;kind2.20I.1.What did;do2.twice a week5.is someone5.unlucky6.decided时尚阅读3.as exciting as4.the worst【频度副词】7.as8.them1.Once a week2.They feel happy.5.plan to1.usually2.always9.with10.why第2、3版II.1.What;think of2.to pass3.often4.never语法选择期中复（一）3.not as/so hard-working as5.hardly ever6.Sometimes1-5 BDCBA6-10 CBDCA单词联欢4.How often does【形容词和副词的比较等级】回答问题1.wonder2.feel like5.the most outgoingI.1.better2.(the)fastest1.She started to practice it at age seven./At3.through4.cares about语法梳理3.earlier4.more carefullyage seven.5.role6.is【一般过去时】5.largest2.It is over 2,000 years old./Over 2,000.7.expects to visitI.1.bought2.wentII.1.friendlier3.They used it to travel-on the water./To短语集训3.were4.forgot2.bigger/larger;any othertravel on the water.I.1.making up2.dressed up5.played3.one of the most popular4.She asked her to learn it to make her3.Of course4.because ofII.1.didn't find any2.Did;visit4.colder and colderhealthy.To make her healthy.5.in fact6.brought out3.How did4.Was there5.the most difficult5.She wants to take bamboo drifting to the7.did a good job8.take his place5.What did;do【动词不定式作宾语】world.To take bamboo drifting to the9.care about10.play a role【复合不定代词】1.to learn2.to visitworld.Ⅱ.l.So far2.more thanI.1.someone2.anything3.to win4.to watch本版主编李娜责编尹红覆3.find out4.such as3.nothing4.anyone5.to use本报地址山西省太原市小店区龙兴街190号邮敌编码030032联系电话0351-27776792777680（发行中心）订阅查询0351-27776482777649激光排版本报激光照排中心印刷武汉彩集实业有限公司（武汉市汉南区武汉模具工业园第A22幢1号）订阅方式为方便订阅订户可通过当地发行工作站订购订阅时请核验其“授权书”“工作证”或直接向本报发行中心咨询以防假冒盗版行为

基础题与中考新考法·九年级·全一册·化学明二氧化碳密度比空气大。②没有进行二3.c(或D或H或)2H,0,02H,0+0,1氧化碳与干燥紫色石蕊纸花接触的对比实4.①CaC0,+2HCl=CaCl2+H,0+C0,↑验，无法证明二氧化碳不能使紫色石蕊变红，因此不能根据纸花变红得出“二氧化碳②形成液封，防止反应生成的气体沿长颈漏能与水发生反应”的结论。斗逸出③便于随时添加液体药品便于5.(1)石灰石（或大理石）②③①(2)将燃控制反应速率K可随时控制反应的发生着的木条放在b口处，若木条立即熄灭，证与停止明二氧化碳已收集满(3)小红能与水考查点3反应1.排尽集气瓶中的空气【解析】(1)实验室制取二氧化碳的药品为石2.收集的氧气较纯净当导管口有连续、均匀灰石或大理石与稀盐酸，多孔塑料片上应放的气泡冒出置石灰石或大理石；实验结束后，关闭弹簧3.防止水倒吸使试管炸裂夹，气体无法导出，装置内液面上方气压增考查点4大，液体被压入长颈漏斗，固液分离，观察到1.1将带火星的木条伸入集气瓶中，若木条试管内液面逐渐降低，故液面变化顺序为②复燃，证明是氧气③①。(2)二氧化碳密度比空气大，用B装2.4将带火星的木条放在集气瓶瓶口，若木置收集二氧化碳时，气体从a端通入，空气沿条复燃，证明氧气已收集满b端导出，可将燃着的木条放在b口处，观察3.3澄清石灰水变浑浊册到木条立即熄灭，证明二氧化碳已收集满。(3)小明关闭阀门I,打开阀门Ⅱ，潮湿的二4.2将燃着的木条放在集气瓶瓶口，若木条氧化碳气体通过浓硫酸，浓硫酸具有吸水立即熄灭，证明二氧化碳已收集满第六单元性，可除去二氧化碳中的水蒸气，因此不能考查点5使干燥的紫色石蕊小花变红；小红关闭阀门1.①②2.④3.防止C0,溶于水并与水Ⅱ，打开阀门I,潮湿的二氧化碳气体能使反应⑤干燥的紫色石蕊小花变红，是因为二氧化碳综合训练和水反应生成了碳酸，碳酸使紫色石蕊小花1.C变红，上述对比实验说明二氧化碳不能使紫MnO色石蕊小花变红，二氧化碳和水反应生成的2.(1)A2KC0,A2KCl+302↑分解反应碳酸能使紫色石蕊小花变红，由此说明二氧化碳能与水反应。(2)E微专题6常见气体的制取设问分点练nO,3.(1)BC2H2022H,0+02↑考查点1试管锥形瓶集气瓶考查点2(2)紫色石蕊溶液变红，澄清石灰水变浑浊1.防止试管中的粉末状物质进入导管(3)An2KMnO.--K:MnO,+MnO,+O:1【解析】(1)用过氧化氢制取氧气应选择固液常温型发生装置B,要制取干燥的氧气，应选2.氯酸钾、二氧化锰防止冷凝水倒流使试管择排空气法收集，氧气密度比空气大，应选MnO,炸裂2KCIO2KCl+302↑择向上排空气法收集，则收集装置为C装24万睢九年级QQ交流群：551549843

13.有一混合溶液中含有以下离子的若干种：K+、Mg2+、NH计、Ba+、C、CO?、SO,现有两份体积相同各为100mL的该溶液进行如下实验：①向第一份溶液中加入足量的NaOH溶液并加热后，收集到0.224L的气体（标准状况下测定)，并产生0.58g白色沉淀；②向第二份溶液中加人足量的BaC2溶液，产生6.99g白色沉淀。根据上述实验，以下推测正确的是A.K+可能存在B.可能存在CO号C.Ba+可能存在D.100mL该溶液中若含有0.01molC,则K+的物质的量浓度为0.4mol·L-114.取26.90gZS0,·6H20加热，剩余固体的质量随温度的变化如图所示。750℃时所得固体的化学式为20000℃，17.90g)(680℃，13.43g(250℃，16.10g)10家(930℃，8.10g)200400600800温度/CA.ZnOB.ZnSOC.Zn30(S04)2D.ZnSO4·H2O二、非选择题（本题共4小题，共58分）15.(14分)生活离不开化学。家庭厨卫中有许多中学化学常见的物质，它们的主要成分如下表。商品食盐碱面84消毒液发酵粉主要成分①NaCl②Na2COs③NaClO④NaHCO3⑤KAI(SO)2·12H2O商品料酒白醋洁厕灵主要成分⑥C2HOH⑦CH COOH⑧HCI回答下列问题：(1)以上主要成分中属于弱电解质的有(填序号)。(2)当碱面不慎洒落在天然气火焰上，观察到火焰的现象是(3)KA1(SO4)2的电离方程式为0(4)Na2CO3溶液中混有少量NaHCO3,可加适量的NaOH溶液除杂，反应离子的方程式为;Na2CO3固体中若含有少量NaHCO3,可采取的除杂方法为(5)NaHCO3溶液与白醋反应的离子方程式为(6)84消毒液和洁厕灵不能混合使用，用离子方程式表示其理由：【高二年级期末联考·化学第4页（共6页）】232824D

第Ⅱ卷（非选择题二、必考题（本题包括3小题，共40分）共55分)16.13分)草酸合铜()酸钾是一种重要的化工原料，可用于无机合成，功能材料制备，其晶体组成可表示为K2[Cu(C2O4)2]·2H2O。I.制备草酸合铜（Ⅱ）酸钾向©S0,溶液中湾加足量KOH溶液，产生浅蓝色沉淀，加热，沉淀转变成黑色，过滤。将KHC,O,溶液加热至80~85℃，加入黑色沉淀Cu0,充分反应后，趁热过滤，得到章酸合嗣(Ⅱ)酸钾溶液。(1)KHC2O,溶液最好采用(填“酒精灯”或“水冷州热，生成K[Cu(C0,)J的化学方程式为kHC04上0三k,[64了+hO/Ⅱ，产品的相关实验：已知草酸合铜（Ⅱ）酸钾加热到250~350℃时会发生分解，生成C0C0,。为验证草酸合铜如(Ⅱ)酸钾的分解产物中含有CO、CO2,选用下列装置进行实验。0+0=a酃浓NaOH澄清石浓硫酸澄清石溶液灰水灰水☒BC登郝水EGH(2)装置B中盛装的试剂为,装置D中澄清石灰水的作用是都3收02(3)能说明产物中有C0的实验现象是p啦置新盟眼现泉拓Ⅲ.草酸合铜（Ⅱ）酸钾（摩尔质量为Mg·ol-1)纯度的测定：准确称取草酸合铜（Ⅱ）酸钾晶体mg溶于氨水，加水定容至250mL,取试样溶液25.00mL阳于锥形瓶中，再加人适量稀硫酸，水浴加热至75~85℃，趁热用cmol·L1KM0标准溶液滴定（滴定时发生反应：2MnO,+5C2O+16H+一2Mn2++10CO2个+8H,0),重复滴定三次，KMnO4标准溶液的均用量为VmL。(4)盛装KMnO4标准溶液的仪器是(填“酸式”或“碱式”)滴定管；达到滴定终点的现象为ⅷ(5)产品的纯度为4m(用含c、V、m、M的式子表示)%。17.(14分)无水氯化镨(PCl)是制取稀土金属错及错合金的主要原料，采用如图工艺流程可由孪生矿（主要含ZnS.FeS,Pr2S、SiQ2等）制备氯化错晶体(PrCl·6H2O)。FeCls溶液H2O2调pH李生矿一溶浸→滤液一氧化一沉淀一滤液Ⅱ一蒸发浓缩一冰水浴PrCla一→晶体滤渣I滤渣Ⅱ滤液Ⅲ【◇高二化学第5页（共8页）◇】

D.Paragraph 5.30.Which paragraph mainly focuses on the mental benefits of growing plants in space?A.Paragraph 2.31.Why are there green lights in Veg-01?B.Paragraph 3.A.They are employed to keep Veg-01 warm.C.Paragraph 4.B.Plants seem more attractive in green lights.C.Plants need green lights for healthy growth.D.They are used to make the paturpleround 12,000 years ago,hunter-gatherers in the Fertile Crescent,a region in the Midlgythr handfgFirst,they ooeeeraised wnmals.Centuries ater,they switched to fu-time farming and spread agireto EuropeD时a运stdh心地g女ah加ekgBut that's not what the DNA said.Joachim Burger,a scientist at the Johannes Gutenbergstarted by one group of hunter-gatherers in one area.University Mainz in Germany,recently analyzed the ancient DNA from the remains of four individuals最ho lived abou10000 years ago on the easter side of the Fertile Crescent.He then compared itwithDNA of the bones found on the other sides of the area and in Europe.But he found that如avemoreer网gie你o立had beewidely accepted that late Stone Age farmers from the Fertile Crescent had introduced farming intEurope,it's understandable that he had expected to be able to trace some of the Europeansall the wy back to the eio.Howver,h fil toindetie theseancient farmers and modern-day Europeans.sted,the study showed that thesmdtohave striking genetic similarities to present-day South Asians.Anunpublihed s byte rMdica ho fmd the geneticbetwen the frmers and ud uther showh the rly famers of theFertile Crescent moved to Africa,taking their farming traditions with them.Clearly,these new findings are painting acomplicated picture of the origin of agricueuode od32.Which area was the well-accepted birthplace of agriculture?A.Africa.B.Europe.C.Southeast Asia.D.Middle East.33.What had Joachim Burger expected to find in his DNA study?md s mew Tot vbsoTA.The genetie similarity among people from the Fertile Crescent.B.The genetic closeness between the earliest farmers and Europeans.olod vas ni bodiowC.The genetic similarity among Europeans,Africans and South Asians.02id101991g69n079V9D.The genetie closeness between the ancient farmers and South Asians.34.The unpublished study shows that喷强答夺左吸梵量A.Joachim Burger's DNA study is very unreliableB.European farming traditions came from the Fertile Crescenti1面69v9a619o2gwIC.agriculture was started by a single groupof farmers in one area.erof theoFeriCreoAfrica35.What is the best title for the text?A.Where Did Agriculture Actually Begin?bsvnodtboi0osis1aladnom90B.How Did the Europeans Develop Their Agriculture?C.When Did the Earie Fmers roduce Agricre toAfrica?D.What s the Relation Betwen othe iaand the Midde Eas【2023届高考分段学情评估卷（五）·英语第5页（共8页】新高

按秘密级事项管理★启用前2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语模拟测试本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，远出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，中密再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第-部分阅读（共两节，满分50分】第匹节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B,C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAn easy way to become a well-rounded person is to read lots of books across subjects and封categories.Some books may be out of your comfort zone,but you can learn a lot if you stretchyourself.The Elements of Style by William Strunk Jr.and E.B.WhiteStrunk and White's classic grammar book The Elements of Style will help anyone dramat-ically improve their mastery of the written word.From commonly misspelled words to grammar and punctuation,you'll find all the answers线in this brief and entertaining read.The Last Lecture by Randy Pausch and Jeffrey ZaslowWhen Pausch,a professor of computer science,found out that he had caner and wastoldhe had just three to six months of good health lft,he gave the now famous speech"The LastLecture:Really Achieving Your Childhood Dreams".After this went viral,he decided to expand it into a book,The Last Lecture,in which hegives advice on how to live your life to the fullest.Kitchen Confidential by Anthony BourdainAnthony Bourdain became internationally famous after publishing anessay in a19issue○“英语卷（五）第1页（共12页）【23·(新高考)ZX·MN·英语·SD

七年级（下Unt5基础能力训练听力原文及参考答案听力原文1.听句子，根据所听内容和所提问题选择最佳答案。句子读两遍1.(M)Bob can see four monkeys in thepicture.2.(W)Amn likes elphants because shethinks they are smart.3.(M)These lions are fiom South Africa4.(M)David says his pet dog can dance5.(W)Gina wants to go to the zoo thisSaturdayⅡ听对话和问题，根据所听内容选择对应的图片。对话和问题读两6.W:Look at the girafte.It is so beatifiulM:Yes,you are right.I like it somuch.Q:What animal are they talkingabout?7.W:Let's go to the zoo this SaturdayMark.M:Good idea,but I have an artlesson that day.How about thisSunday?W:OK.Q:When will they go to the zoo?8.W:Let's see the elephant show firstM:OK.Then we can see the liorshow.O:Where are they now?9.W:Michael,what do you like doingif you have free time?M:I like drawing pictures of cuteanimals.Q:What does Michael like doingwhen he is free?10.M:Lily,do you go to the zoo withyour father?W:Yes,he drives me thereQ:How does Lily get to the zoo?皿，听对话，根据所听内容选择正确的答案。对话读两遍。听第一段对话，回答第11-12小题。W:Let's go to the zoo,BobM:Great,Alice!I like animals verymuch.W:How about asking Nina to go withus?M:Im afraid Nina can't go with us.She has a music class on Saturdaymorning.W:Oh,let's ask Susan then.M:OK.Susan is free at any time!听第二段对话，回答第13-15小题。M:Let's draw pictures,Lucy.W:OK.I like drawing pictures,DadM:So,what would you like to draw?W:Let me draw my pet cat Mimi.It'sso lovely.M:Yes,you have a nice pet cat.W:What about you,Dad?M:I'd like to draw a giraffe.It's myfavorite animal.W:I also want to draw a panda.V,听材料，根据所听内容填写信息卡。材料读两遍。(M)Good morning,boys and girlsMy name is Tom King.I am fiom SouthAfrica,but now I live in Australiawith my family.It is Sunday todayand I'm at the zoo with my familyThere are many animals at the zoo.Ilike the koalas,because I think theyare very cute.What are these?Ohthey are some elephants.And I thinkthey are friendly.Thepandas at thezoo are very smart.My father likes thetigers very much.But I don't like thembecause I think they are too scary.Mymother likes the giraftes best.She thinksthey are very beautiful.We all have agood time at the zoo!参考答案听力部分(One possible version客观题除外)I.1-5 BCCABΠ.6-10BCAC

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。④11.Who helped develop Scott's passion for sport?W:Oh,don't be so bored,Jason.Let's plantHis father.B.His teacher.vegetables together.Then,when they are ripe,C.His friend.we can pick them.After three or four months.12.What is important to students in doing sportswe'll cook them in the school kitchen!(16)according to Scott?M:Hmm...When I see a plate of spaghetti andA.Winning the game.vegetable sauce in front of me,I'll believe you!B.Being confidentand friendly.Participating and trying their best.W:OK,but I forgot to tell you:according to the13.What will the speakers do next?headmaster,the students who don't do theA.Attend a lecture.gardening will have to do the cooking!(15)(16)Walk around the collegeM:Hey,that's not fair!C.Take part in some sports.g听力材料Text 8听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。W:Scott,how did you start your passion for sport?17.What do we know about Maddalena Casulana?M:Hmm,let me think.It's difficult to say that.I grewA.She was popular in the 16th century.B.She wrote a book about musical composition力up around sports.My father was a really goodShe played an important role in western musicathlete,actually.(11)力18.Where did Laurie find the missing part of Casulana's books?W:Oh,really?A.In Italy.In Russia.C.In Poland.M:We used to go and see him running marathons19.Why did BBC Radio play Casulana's songs?To show respect for the woman composer.which made a strong impression on me as a child.IB.To help women get more chances in musicsuppose it's in my bloodC.To make the public enjoy the radio programmeW:Fantastic.And how do you think teachers can20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?encourage their students to enjoy sports?Casulana's "lost-and-found"musical works.B.A brief introduction to a female composer.C.The benefits of listening to classical music.听力材料M:Hmm,that's an interesting question.On the one hand,Text 10I think many students enjoy the competitiveSongs from childhood easily bring back lots of good听environment.They want to be the best.It can be amotivation for doing sport.On the other hand,we needmemories.Music can complete this form of "timetravel".Now BBC Radio is taking people back to theto encourage students who are not confident.So we力past.A long-lost musical composition was played forneed to reward them for getting involved andthe first time on BBC Radio.encourage them to try their best.It's not all aboutMaddalena Casulana,an Italian composer,waswinning!(12)born in 1544.She was the first female composer toW:OK,thank you very much,Scott.You make some goodpublish her own musical works in the history ofpoints.western music.(17)Casulana wrote three compositionM:It's my pleasurebooks and divided them into several parts.But oneW:Now I'm going to show you around the college.(13)part of them went missing,making the compositionsunplayable.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。④14.What will the people from the Edible Playground doLaurie Stras,a professor of music at athis afternoon?university,took on the task of tracking down theOffer suggestions to students.听missing part.She noted that the pieces had力B.Give lessons on cooking.disappeared from a library in Poland.Eventually,C.Help to pick fruit and vegetables.力she found the printed version of the books in the15.Who will probably do the cooking?Russia State Library in Moscow.(18)A.The students who don't do the washing.The students who don't do the gardening.As a woman composer,Casulana made a greatC.The students who grow and pick vegetables.difference to Western music.A lot of people16.What is the probable relationship between theadmire her.(19)So BBC Radio played her "lost-speakers?and-found"works on International Women's Day.A.Headmaster and student.B.Colleagues.Schoolmates.听力材料Text 9W:Hello,Jason.Have you heard the news?Somepeople from the Edible Playground are coming to阅力our school later this afternoon!21.What is special about the Ohio and ErieM:Oh.What will they do?Canal Towpath Trail?W:They will give us advice about growing vegetablesA.It shares most of its trail with CVSR.at school.(14)It'll be fun!解B.It goes past many cities and villages.M:But I'm not into gardening at all,so I won't getIt offers a chance to visit museums.involved.D.It has a view of a small park.2

61.participant62.serves63.Founded64.offering65.a66.Currently67.at68.excited69.to break70.which短文改错71....which were from...which→who/that72....gives a speech...gives→gave73..to going all out.…going→go74.took part the…part后加in75....an excited race.excited exciting76....were in high spirits.were→was77....cheered the runner...runner runners78.Final,my classmate...Final-Finally79..with a great joy…去掉a80....my congratulations...my -our书面表达One possible version:The long-held idea that credit cards encourage overspending isn't necessarily false.Statisticsshow that those who have a history of paying on credit cards tend to overspend more than thosewho pay in cash,mostly because credit cards make it easier to spend without much thought eventhough they don't have the budget at that moment.However,whether credit cards benefit you or set you back depends on how you use them.Youcan avoid overspending by creating a spending budget,setting up spending alerts,not gettingcarried away with rewards or discounts,and always paying your bill on time!部分解析阅读理解第一节A篇主题语境：人与自我一一生活本文是应用文。文章介绍了四个适合带狗出行的短途旅行目的地。2I.C。理解具体信息。根据Bainland Lodge Retreats,Lincolnshire部分中的There are plenty ofdog-friendly beaches along the Lincolnshire coast可知，在Bainland Lodge Retreats,狗可以在海边玩耍。22.D。理解具体信息。根据Woodfarm Barns,,Stonham Aspal,,Suffolk部分中的The cottageswelcome up to3 dogs and charge f15 each per day可知，在这里，每只狗每天需花费15英镑，那么三只狗每天总共需花费45英镑。23.B。推断。根据Langley Castle,Northumberland部分中的What's not to love about a stay atthis 14th-century castle?It's just a short drive away from Hadrian's Wall and the historic town ofHexham可知，Langley Castle是一座14世纪的古堡，离哈德良长城和赫克瑟姆历史小镇都很近，因此可推知，历史爱好者会对这里感兴趣。【补充解释】take the biscuit(para.4:to be the most surprising,remarkable空前惊人；令人惊奇的；好极了

￡如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。各档次的给分范围和要求：第五档(21-25分)(1)与所给短文融洽度高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接合理；(2)内容丰富；(3)所使用语法结构和词汇丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；(4)有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第四档(16-20分)(1)与所给短文融洽度较高，与所提供各段落开头语衔接较为合理；(2)内容比较丰富：(3)所使用语法结构和词汇较为丰富、准确，可能有些许错误，但完全不影响意义表达；(4)比较有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所续写短文结构紧凑。第三档(11-15分)(1)与所给短文关系较为密切，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接：(2)写出了若干有关内容：(3)应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求，虽有一些错误，但不影响意义的表达。第二档(6-10分)(1)与所给短文有一定的关系，与所提供各段落开头语有一定程度的衔接：(2)写出了一些有关内容；(3)语法结构单调、词汇项目有限，有些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响了意义的表达；(4)较少使用语句间的连接成分，全文内容缺少连贯性。第一档(1-5分)(1)与所给短文和开头语的衔接较差：(2)产出内容太少：(3)语法结构单调、词汇项目很有限，有较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，严重影响了意义的表达；(4)缺乏语句间的连接成分，全文内容不连贯零分白卷、内容太少无法判断或所写内容与所提供内容无关。高三英语答案第7页（共7页）

有氢离25.-What a new look our city has!离子-Yes.Great changesA.take place】these years.B.took place26.-Are you going to do a part-time job in your free time?-Yes.I don't think I should always自have taken placeD.are taking placeA.look afterB.turn downmy parents.27.Although the Beijing 20 Winter Olympics havemndC depend onD.think ofwarm memories in our hearts.theA.makeB.keepC.forget28.-I think it is a good way to study English by watehing English moviesD.lose-I can't agree any more.I find itA.hopefulto improve my listening.B.thankful29.-Do you knowC.carefulDhelpful—At8o'clock.Mr.Zhang often goes to work?A.ifwhenC.where30.-Thanks a lot for taking care of my son when I was awayD.how_We had great fun together.A.All the best B.Good ideaM.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）C.That's right阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Don't mention itThere is a saying in English that says "a dog is a man's best friend".Dogs and humans haveAshared close and loving31 for thoysands of years.Scientists believe the relation betweenhumans and dogs is32 than we thought.The scientists discovered that dogs cry tears()of joy when they see their owners after a period of absence.The scientists did a study on 22 dogs.They33 the behaviour of the dogs.Especially they looked at how the dogs 34 when theywere reunited (with their owners and with other people they had daily touch with.Thescientists said that when the dogs saw their owners,they 35.The scientists found that when the humans and dogs were reunited after five to seven hours of36,the dogs watered eyes.Researcher Takefumi Kikusui said:"We had never 37 thediscovery that animals water eyes in 38 situations,such as reuniting with their owners."Headded:"Their tears might play a role in the deepening of each other's relationships."He believesthe tears may make humans 39ttheir dogs more.He said:"It's 40 that dogs who showteary eyes during human interaction would be cared for more.31.A.feelingsrelationships32.A.colderB.C.progressesbusierD.spirits33.A.supportedO deeperovie.）testedD.newersbota34.A.ranC.hatedB.drankD.forgot35..cried13ocomplainedeloodB.laughedreacted36.A.celebrationjumpedB.D.left37.④.heard ofcommunicationC.competitionB.make up回separation38.A.forgetful39.A.killB.helpfulC.look throughD.work outC.40.A.strangeB.losecareful①joyful®possibleloveD.sellC.harmful英语·光享模拟卷（三）D.rude第3页(BGZ·共8页)

C(B)50.Where can we see the reading?A.In a science magazine.B )56.What is Fisher's dream?B.In a guidebook.A.To stop glaciers from melting.C.On an educational website.B.To take photos of every glacier.D.In a storybook.C.To become a pilot like his grandpa.D.To visit every glacier with his grandpa.ggB(A )57.Why did Fisher say he is in a race(A)51.How did Jani learn to crochet?against time?A.She taught herself.A.The glaciers are melting very fast.B.She watched step-by-step tutorials.B.He cannot spare any time for this hobby.C.She took some classes.C.His small plane is about to stop working.D.She learned it from her grandma.D.He is getting too old to fly across aglacier.g(D)52.The second paragraph mainly tells usD)58.Unlike the satellite images,Fisher'sphotos can showA.Jani isn't an old womanA.how large each glacier isB.it's easy for Jani to learn crochetB.how fast each glacier is meltingC.there isn't any crochet work on Jani'sC.how many glaciers there are in the worldsofaD.what glaciers look like in the realD.Jani's crochet will be different from theenvironmenttraditional oneggB)59.Which word can best describe Fisher?(C)53.Which of the following is TRUE?A.Wise.B.Brave.A.Jani's grandma was good at crocheting.C.Honest.D.Humorous.B.Jani's patterns for dog hats were from a(D)60.Fisher hopes that his photos canbook.A.provide some useful data for scientistsC.In the beginning,Jani took up crochet asB.tell people how to live without glaciersa hobby.D.Jani couldn't crochet anything exceptC.remind people to enjoy the natural beautyfood-themed dog hats.D.encourage people to take steps to protectglaciers8DB)54.What do fans online think of the dog(C )61.Which experience pushed Jarah into thehats that Jani made?movement?A.Colorful.B.Creative.A.She got sick and stayed in hospital for a weekC.Cheap.D.Traditional.B.Her family had a hard life during the(A)55.Jani's business is.COVID-19 pandemic.A.selling crochet patternsC.She brought bread to people at a medicalB.selling her work of crochetcenter.C.offering tutorials on crochetD.She took care of her mother while she was inD.teaching others to crochet face to faceghospital.4

第二节（满分25分）【参考范文】One day her owners came looking for her but we couldn't find her anywhere after searching thehouse.One of the owners said,"Did you look under your bed?"Look,there she was,snoring(away.One of the neighbor said she was more than welcome to stay with us as long as wewanted because they had three other dogs,a couple of cats,and a goat!They explained that"Bean"probably liked the personal attention she was getting from us and our granddaughter.So,there it started...One night turned into two,which turned into a week.We happily went out andpurchased all the necessities:a bed,bowls,toys,treats and food.We had "joint custody)of a dog.The owners would come every few weeks for a visit,take her to get her shots,etc.and then let her come back.About a year went by,and the neighbors decided to move about ten miles away.We wereshocked and sorrowful.What would happen to "our"Vanilla Bean?Our worries were laid to restwhen,right before the move,they came and asked if we would like to keep Vanilla Bean while theygot settled and built their new home.Of course,our answer was YES!In the beginning,they cameevery month and picked her up for a few days and then would bring her back to us.The time that wehave her has become longer between visits from her original family,but we are so thankful to themfor letting us have shared custody(监护权)of this wonderful dog.【解析】第一部分阅读第一节y主题语境：人与社会【语篇导读】本文属于广告类阅读。分别介绍了四则广告：Electric Underground,GeeWhizz,Simon's workshop,.Charlotte Stone的具体内容和细节信息。l.B细节理解题。根据第一则广告中的最后一句“He's going to talk about how you can find theright person to produce your music.”可知Jules Skye可以教你如何找到合适的人帮忙制作音乐。2.A细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的第一句“This is a good chance for anyone who wants tolearn how to do comedy.”和第二句“The workshop looks at every kind of comedy,andpractices many different ways of making people laugh.”可知在Victoria Stage,Simon'sworkshop会教你如何演喜剧逗笑别人.英语参考答案·第2页（共6页）

15.（14分)Z0是电镀、涂料、有机合成等化学工业的重要原料。工业上由含锌废料（主要成分为ZnO,还含有FeO、MgO、CuO、SiO2)为原料生产ZnO的工艺流程如图：硫酸KMnO锌粉HFNH.HCO箫-浸取一除丸一→除杂2→除杂3沉锌煅烧ZnO浸取渣沉淀渣1沉淀渣2沉淀渣3滤液已知：沉淀渣1的成分为Fe(OHD3、MnO2(1)浸取渣的主要成分是(填化学式)。(2)“除杂1”过程需要调节pH至5.2，最好选用(填字母)：生成沉淀渣1的离子方程式为A.Na2CO3 B.NH3 H2OC.ZnOD.H2SO4(3)沉淀渣2的主要成分是(填化学式)：“除杂3”的目的是(4)沉锌得到的是Zn2(OH)2C03,“洗涤干燥”步骤中检验沉淀是否洗涤干净的方法是。若煅烧过程中固体质量减少了18.6kg,则理论上生成kg2n0。[己知：M(Zn2(OH)2CO3=224g/mol)]16.（12分)A、B、C、D、E、F为原子序数依次增大的短周期元素，G为第四周期元素。B、C相邻且同周期，A、D同主族。A、C能形成甲、乙两种化合物，原子个数比分别为2：1和1：1，其中甲为常见的溶剂。E是地壳中含量最多的金属元素，F元素为同周期电负性最大的元素。G为第四周期未成对电子数最多的元素，请回答下列问题：(I)B、C中第一电离能更大的元素基态原子的价电子排布式为G在周期表中属于区。(2)A与B形成的离子的键角比A与B形成的分子的键角(填“大”或“小”)。(3)B与As同族，AsO的空间构型为;As4O6的分子结构如图所示，则该化合物中As的杂化方式是(4)已知E、F构成的化合物可形成如图所示的二聚体，其熔点190°℃，183C开始升华。该二聚体形成的晶体类型为,晶体中含有的作用力有(填序号)。oEA.离子键B.共价键C.金属键D.配位键E.范德华力F.氢键

才会给他们一些建议：写作55.A【解析】此处指没有下岗的威胁(threat)短文改错S6.A【解析】作者的退休意味着他可以自由(ree)追【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲叙了作者母亲求自己的兴趣爱好。生日当天的情况S7.B【解析】he academic community指学术界。文第一句：party后加was【解析】考查时态和语态。章第二、三段都有此题答案的来源。pary和hd之间是被动关系，而且此句有过去的时间状语58.D【解析】对于作者的支持、工作和建议，作者的同Last Sunday,因此用一般过去时的被动语态。事和那些年轻的学青都非常感谢(thanked)。第二何：your→y【解析】考查代词。此文章是以第59.A【解析】由于很多人都很感册作者所做的事情一人称的形式写的，作者讲达的是自己的母亲，因此用y。所以作者觉得自己选择在退休后继续回来贡献自己的力量第兰句：clear--clearly【解析】考查刮词。此处修饰动是一个伟大的决定(decision)。词remember,因此用副词形式。60.C【解析】作者希望自己的经验和想法能让其他人第四句：bought-→buying【解析】考查非谓语动词受益(benefit)spend..in doing sth意为“花费…做某事”.共中in可以【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人体细胞省略这是固定用法。的更替。第六句：ll>filled【解析】考查语态。此处应为被动6L.which【解析】考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制语态。be filled with意为“充满”性定语从白，先行词是cels,在从句中作宾语，故填which。第七句：sirg→sng解析】考查时态。此句讲述的事62.creating解析】考查非谓语动词。create和逻标情发生在过去，因此用一般过去时。主语之间为主谓关系·故用现在分词短语作状语·表示伴随的动作。第九句：scarf后加to解析】考查介词。give sth to sb意为“把某物给某人”，这是固定用法。63.an【解析】考查冠词。idea是元音音素开头·在这里是可数名词，表示泛指，故用不定冠词n修饰。第句：something->anything【解析】考查不定代词。64.entirely【解析】考查副词。设空处修饰形容词肯定句一般用something:否定句和疑问句一般用anything。new.因此用副词修饰，故填entirely。第十句：tear→tears,【解析】考查名词复数。tear作“泪水”讲时是可数名词。65.are replaced【解析】考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。本句主语为Certain cells,是复数，故谓语动词用复效第十一句：exciting→excited【解析】考查形容词。形式；主语和replace为动宾关系、故用被动语态；本句是一exciting意为“令人激动的”；excited意为“感到潋动的”，常修饰人。般性表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。书面表达6.were【解祈】考查动词时态和主谓一致。主语是hey,谓语动词应用复数形式，报据空后的on the day youIn order to show our love and concern for the childrenwere bom可知，此空应该用过去时。故填werewho are living in the welfare center:we will organize a social67.months【解析】考查名词复数。month为可放名activity every Saturday afternoon this term.Fifty students词，空前无修饰词，故此处用复数形式。fron our school will be chosen as volunteers to take part in68.exchanged【解析】考查非谓语动词。40%ofalthis activity held in the welfare center for children in ourcardiomyocytes和exchange之间为动宾关系，因此用过去分city.If you are willing to help these children,you can call us词作宾语。and provide us with your personal information,or you can69,slower【解析】考查比较级。上文说心肌细胞更新contact us by email.The volunteers will go to help these缓慢；此处与上文作比较，指脑细胞更新更慢。空前的vGmchildren with heir stdiesepecially ther English,welasuh也是比较级的捉示。ohe Thereryouare gEnglish70.of【解析】考查介词。regardless of意为“不管”，是固定问组。or comunyo will be wel qpped to helpheschildren.oshoul take at easgift for the friend you'll make thereEnglish Club24

Since June 2017,right before the 36 (arrive)of the two new pandas,Meng Meng andJiao Qing,I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and37 (confidence)speaking English.And who do they speak English 38Not the pandas,even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions isactually English.They talk to the flood of international tourists and to 40(visit)Chinesezookeepers who often come to check on the pandas,which are on loan from China.They alsoneed to be ready to give 41(interview)in English with international journalists.This is42 they need an English trainer.So,what are they learning?43(basic),how to describe a panda's life.It's been anhonor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their newhome.As a little girl,I 45 (wish)to be a zookeeper when I grew up.Now,I'm living outthat dream indirectly by helping the panda keepers do their job in English.【答案】36.arrival37.confident38.with39.the40.visiting41.interviews42.why43.Basically44.and45.wished【解析】【导语】本文是记叙文。讲述了作者在柏林动物园教英语。【36题详解】考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival,不可数名词。故填arrival。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空处和前文的comfortable并列，作并列表语，应用形容词形式，confidence的形容词形式是confident。.故填confident。.【38题详解】考查介词。句意：他们和谁说英语？分析句子结构可知，根据句意此处强调双向交流，应用固定搭配：speak with sb.意为“与某人交谈”。故填with.【39题详解】考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可第15页/共22页

(problem)are discovered by coincidence and how this producesword in mathematics.”KEY CORNER2.split the atomI.1.device2.tubeLESSON23.improve the accuracy of...3.million4.satellites上期练题参考答案I.a.emergeb.clueless4.共同努力5.揭示病因5.garbage6.navyc.evaluation第2版6.帮助挽救数百万人的生命7.missile8.Circuit1.clueless7.产生巨大的能量9.physicist2.EvaluationREADING ACTIVITIESThink and talk略8.improve the quality of human life10.premier biologists3.emerged9.enable.…to.II.1.scientificII.1.covers2.on/uponUnderstand the text2.productive3.citiesLACDEF10.对…保持谦逊3.subsequently4.innovations5.findings6.efficiently4.have experienced 5.impressiveL1.190511.全部致力于…2.massIII.1.instant2.constant6.which12.one of the 20%century's premier7.to use3.experience3.corresponding4.donated8.organized9.tscientists4.Alexander Fleming13.范围从…到…5.orbit6.Perceiving10.management5.millions6.accuracy第4版14.想出，理解15.挑选出7.joint8.humble7.energyIV.GRAMMAR16.not to mention...III.1.computers2.mini-networks17.the smallest particle of matter in theA 1.labour-saving2.well-being1.extraordinary2.young3.19904.Tim Bemers-Lee3.microscope4.outcome3.unknown4.harmfuluniverseThink and share略5.giftedadvanced第3版6.optimisticLEXICAL CHUNKSB 1.labour-saving2.gifted7.scientificLANGUAGE LEARNING8.good1.把人造卫星发射至轨道3.microscope4.well-beingEXTENSIVE READINGTOPIC TALK LESSON 15.outcomes【Reflection】略

31.What does the author talk about BookTok?A.BookTok can make books live forever.B.It became a main form of literary criticism.C.Many authors promote their books via BookTok.D.It makes previously published books popular again.Could a new treatment developed by the US company Lilly mean "the beginning of the end"of Alzheimer's?Could we even cure it some day?These are headlines and questions swirling (around after news of a newdrug,called donanemab,showed promising results in phase-3 trials.The brain science behind Alzheimer's is complex,but CT and MRI scans suggest that poisonous changesoccur in the brain,including the abnormal buildup of proteins called amyloid plaques and tau tangles.The damagestarts in the parts of the brain essential for forming memories but then spreads throughout the organ,with braintissue shrinking significantly.Developing treatments for Alzheimer's has been a challenge,with almost 20 years passing with no new drugs.But in the last year,two new ones have emerged:donanemab and lecanemab.Neither are cures or magic bullets forthe disease,but they do address key symptoms.They target the amyloid proteins that can accumulate in the brainand damage neurons,slowing down its progression.While this news is exciting,there are major caveats.One is whether it will ever become available on the NHS.The cost is estimated to be about f20,000 per person per year of treatment.Another is the serious side-effects:in the study,brain swelling occurred in 24%of participants and brainbleeding occurred in 31.4%on the drug compared with 13.6%in the placebo()group.There were also threedeaths during the trial.Part of the problem for me,as an academic,in assessing the drug is that the full results of the trial haven't yetbeen shared publicly or published in a peer-review journal.We cannot access the full data or examine the trial yet,and there is always a motivation for private companies to overstate the effectiveness of new drugs.Trial resultsneed to be assessed by an independent body of experts.While it is unlikely to change clinical practice until at least 2025,the news of donanemab is again anindication that science is continuing to make progress when it comes to treating the major causes of illness anddeath,even one related to the highly complex inner workings of the brain.So,there are caveats and the need forcaution,but these new drugs are indeed the grounds for that rare thing these days:hope.32.What can we learn about Alzheimer from the passage?A.There exists a new drug to cure it completely.B.Most people will develop Alzheimer when they are old.C.It is caused by the accumulation of some proteins in the brainD.It results from the loss of memories as people get older.33.What does the underlined word "caveats"mean in paragraph 4?A.Warnings.B.Discussions.C.Debates.D.Weaknesses.34.What is the problem of the new drug according to the author as an academic?A.It has the serious side-effects such as brain bleeding and deathsB.The effectiveness may be blown up without fair assessment.C.The cost of the new drug is out of reach for ordinary peopleD.There is no possibility for new drugs to be admitted into the NHS.35.What is the author's attitude towards the new drug?A.Approving.B.Doubtful.C.Unclear.D.Indifferent.英语试题第5页（共8页）

必修一综合能力评估试题参考答案及部分解析参考答案1-5 CABCB6-10 ABBCC11-15 ACABA16-20 BAACB21-25 ABCCB26-30 BADCB31-35 DBADB36-40 DEGCB41-45 BDACD46-50 BACDB51-55 ACDAB56.photographer57.amazing58.and59.noticed60.the61.for62.examples63.writing64.extremely65.cutest写作（划线部分为精彩表达）第一节One possible version:I went to a restaurant with my family last weekend.We were required to follow the restaurant's

.空气是一种宝贵的自然资源，下列有关空气的说法不正确的是A.空气的成分以细气和效气为主B.紅气的化学性质不活没，可用于食品防腐C.稀有气体在通电时能发出不同颜色的光D.目前计人空气污染指效的有害气休有二红化硫、二氧化碳等、.在宏观、微观之间建立联系是化学学刊的特点。下图表示泥合彻的是AB9.下列化学用语中，关于数字“2”表示的意义正确的是A.3C0:表示3个-·氧化碳分子B.2H:表示2个氢元素C.H,0、:表示过氧化氢中含有2个氧原子D.Ca:表示一个钙离子带2个单位的正电荷10.下列物质属于氧化物的是A.氧气B.氯酸钾C.水D.锰酸钾11.9月23日，在杭州第19届亚运会开幕式上，全球首创采用零碳绿色甲碎点然亚运会主火炬。甲醇的化学式为CH,OH,下列有关甲醇的说法不正确的是A.甲醇中碳、氧元素的质盘比为1：1B.一个甲醇分子由6个原子构成C.甲醇中氧元素的质量分数最大D.甲醇由碳、氢、氧三种元紊组成12.下列实验现象的描述不正确的是A.硫在空气中燃烧生成具有刺激性气味的气体B.红磷在空气中燃烧生成白色固体C.木炭在空气中充分燃烧生成能使澄清石灰水变浑浊的气体D.铁丝在空气中刷烈燃烧、火星四射生成黑色固体13.推理是学化学的一种重要的方法，下列推理正确的是A.原子核中都有质子和中子B.有氧气参加的反应都属于氧化反应D.质子数相同的两种粒子闷于同种元瓷酒C.纯净物一定是由同分子构成14.等质量的水和过氧化氢中氧元素的质址比为A.17:18B.18:17C.1:2D.2:1二、填空题（本题包括6个小题，每空」分，共16分）15.俄国化学家发现元浆周期律编制元寮周期表：地壳中含量最多的金风元素是;已知某微粒的结构示意图为请写出该微粒的符号九年级化学第2页（共4页）

2024届单科模拟02化学7测试范围：学科内综合。共100分，考试时间50分钟】可能用到的相对原子质量：H-1C-120-16Mg-24A1-27S-32Cu-64水所一、选择题（本大题共7小题，每小题6分，共42分：在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符A合题目要求的。)1.材料在生产生活中应用非常广泛，下列有关说法错误的是C陶瓷是人类使用较早的硅酸盐材料，制备原料为黏士DA.B.由石油先制得单体，再经聚合反应可制得人造纤维羊毛等动物纤维的主要成分为蛋白质合敏材11C.蚕丝、D.碳纤维是重要的无机非金属材料，广泛用于航天领域得设为阿伏加德罗烈随的是p2.实Na:No=N6g菱形硫·t酸性条件下，2L0.5mo1-重铬酸钾湾Cr0目+H844g柯石英C02晶体中存在[C0]四面体革元数目为Na3.氨酰胺是风压痞选择性1肾上腺素受体阻潢药，D其结构如下图所示，下列关于该药物的说法中不正确的是3.HH实根据C4氨酰心胺的分子武为CH2N,OB.苯环上的一溴代物有种入鲍C定条件下能发生消去反应D.所有原子不可能全部共配B毁列实验装置正确且能达到实验目的的是D选项B目的蒸馏接收装置滴定操作萃取操作液体混合不断搅拌清是替精装置溴水浓硫酸乙醇、W是原子序数依次大的四种主族洗素查德威克利用核反应X+He→6Y+n发上现了中子，的某种氢化物司用制坠W的原子的最外层电子数与K层电子数的比值等手所在的周期下列说法中正确的是设！6'Aad2,N49实验室洗涤患期残罗使用酒精马用D.控气法其原理如第6题图所示，下列说法中(主要成分为HS)，还正确的是A.Y电极与外接电源的正极相连，Y电极上发生氧化反应B DB.电路中转移2mol电子，阴极区减少的质量为通入氮气有助于将生成的S2及时排出反应体系D工作段时间后，还原产物和氧化产物的物质时排？比为2：L尾气2302+-还厚及在X电极电化学膜9-734g$(碳、溶触碳酸起Y电极RfS24第6题图第7题图单科模拟02化学正化欧花氧科物